MALACOPTERYGII SUBRACHIATI, 251 



pharynx, as in Hippoglossus; but the dorsal advances towards the 

 edge of the upper jaw and extends, as well as the anal, close to the 

 caudal. The eyes of most of them are sinister. 



In some the eyes are approximated, the interval being occupied 

 by a slightly salient crest. Such are the two following large spe- 

 cies of the coast of Europe, the most highly esteemed of the whole 

 genus. 



PL maximus, L.; BL, 49. (The Turbot.) The body rhom- 

 boidal and almost as high as it is long, the brown side studded 

 with small tubercles. 



PL rhombus, L. ; Bl., 43; la Barbue; the body more oval 

 and without tubercles; distinguished by the first rays of the 

 dorsal, which are half free, and split into thongs at the extre- 

 mity. 



PL punctatus, Bl. 189; PL losvis, Shaw; PL hirtus, Dan. 

 Zool., pi., 103; the Kitt, Penn., pi. 41; Ray, Syn., pi. 1, f. 1; 

 Duham., Sect. IX, pi. v, f. 4. Much less common on the coast 

 of Europe; oval like the vulgaris, but has no thongs to its rays; 

 scales rough; teeth very small; the cheek covered as if with fine 

 velvet; black spots and points on a brown ground'.(l) 



PL cardina, Cuv. ; Duham., Sect. IX, pi. vi, f. 5; and Ray, 

 170, pi. 1, No. 2.(2) (The Whiff'.) A perfect oblong; its first 

 rays free but simple; teeth very short, small and crowded; white 

 and blackish spots, partly laid on a brown ground. It is some- 

 times, though rarely, taken on the coast of the British Channel. 

 PL nudus, Risso; Arnoglossum, Rondel., 324. A Mediterra- 

 nean species but a few inches long, whose large thin scales are 

 easily dislodged. The same sea produces another, the 



R. candidissimus, Risso, Ed. II, f. 34; PL diaphanus, Schn., 

 IV, part ii, 309. Still smaller, wholly diaphanous, with a 

 series of separated red spots on the dorsal and anal. 

 In others the eyes are far apart and the upper one is thrown back- 

 wards, the interval between them being concave. At the base of 



(1) I have reason to believe tliat tlie PI. unimaculatus, Risso, Ed. II, f. 35, is 

 merely a sexual variety of tlie punctutus. 



(2) These fig-iires represent the eyes on tlie right, whereas tliey are on the 

 left. Bloch tliought tliat the Whiff of Ray and Pennant was the Ixvis, but the 

 Lievis is the Kitt of those authors — a single ghmce at the first plate of Ray, where 

 they are both figured, will convince any one of the fact. Add: PL triocellatiis, 

 Schn., Russ., 76; — PL maculosus, Cuv., Russ., 75:, — PL aquosus, Mitch., pi. ii, f. 

 3; — PL Boscii, liiss., Ed. I, pi. viii, f. 33; — PLaramaca, Cuv., Marcgr., 181, very 

 different from the PL macrolepidotus, which is not from Brazil, but from the 

 Mediterranean, and with which Bloch has confounded it. 



