CHONDROPTERYGII BRANCHIIS FIXIS. 285 



of the spiracles and anal; in order to make it a natural one, however, 

 we must increase the number of its divisions. 



Species without spiracles, provided with an anal. 



Carcharias, Cuv.(I) 



A numerous and by far the most celebrated tribe; with trenchant, 

 pointed teeth, most commonly dentated on the margin. The first 

 dorsal is far before the ventrals, and the second about opposite to the 

 anal. The spiracles are wanting; the nostrils are placed under the 

 middle of the depressed snout, and the last branchial apertures ex- 

 tend over the pectorals. 



Sq. carcharias, L. ; Belon, 60.(2) (The White Shark.) This 

 species attains the length of twenty-five feet, and is recognized 

 by its teeth, which in the upper jaw nearly form isosceles tri- 

 angles with rectilinear and dentated sides. The lower ones con- 1 

 Isist of narrow points placed on wider bases, terrific weapons,* 

 which are the dread of mariners. It would appear that it in- 

 habits every sea, but its name has frequently been applied to 

 other species Avith trenchant teeth. 



Sq. vulpes, L.; Rondel., 387. (The Fox Shark.) Teeth form- 

 ing pointed isosceles triangles in each jaw, and particularly 

 distinguished by the upper lobe of the tail, which is as long as 

 the entire body. The second dorsal and anal, on the contrary, 

 are extremely small. (3) 



Sq. glaucus, L.; BL, 86. (The Blue Shark.) Body slender, 

 of a slate-blue above; pectorals very long and pointed; upper 

 teeth forming curvilinear triangles bent outwards: the lower 

 ones straighter, all of them dentated. (4) The 



(1 ) Carcharias, the Greek name of some large Squalus, synonymous with Lamia. 



(2) N.B. This figure of Belon is the only good one. Most of the others are 

 incorrect. BL, 119, is a very different species, which appears more allied to Scym- 

 nus; — Gunner, Mem. of Dronth., II, pi. s and xi, the same described by Fabr., 

 Groenl., 127, is another species also allied to Scymnus;— Rondel., 390, copied 

 Aldrov., 383, is the cornubicm, as well as Aldrov., 388, where the anal is torn 

 away and the jaws, Id., 382; — I will not name the monstrous figure of Gesner, 

 173, copied Will., B. 7; — Lacep., I, viii, 1, is the Sq. ustus. 



(3) It is on this last character that the genus Alopias, Raf., is founded. 



(4) Add; Sq. ustus, Dum. {Sq. carcharia minor, Forsk.,) Lac, I, viii, 1; — Re- 

 quin d nageoircs noires, Quoy and Gaym., Zool. de Freycin. pi. 43, f. 1; — a^^. 

 glauque, Lac, I, ix, 1, which differs from that of BL; — Sq. ciliaris, Schn., pi. 31, the 

 cilia of which only denotes its extreme juvenility. The Palasorrah and the Sorra- 

 kowah, Russ., XIV and XV, and a large number of new ones to be described in our 

 Icthyology. 



