GASTEROPODA PULMONEA. 331 



Testacella, Lam. 



The respiratory orifice and the anus at the posterior extremity; 

 the mantle very small, and placed on the same part; it contains a 

 small oval shell with an extremely wide aperture and a very small 

 spine, which is not one tenth of the length of the body; otherwise 

 these animals resemble the Limaces. 



Test, haliotoidea, Drap.; Cuv., Ann. du Mus., V, xxvi, 6, 1 1. 

 A common species in the southern departments of France; it 

 lives under ground, and feeds chiefly on Lumbrici. M. de Fe- 

 russac has observed that when accidentally placed in too dry a 

 situation, the mantle experiences a singular development, and 

 furnishes it with a sort of shelter. 



Parmacella, Cuv. 



A membranous mantle with loose margins placed on the middle 

 of the back, and containing in its posterior portion an oblong, flat 

 shell, the hind part of which exhibits a slight indication of a spine; 

 the respiratory orifice and the anus, under the right side of the 

 middle of the mantle. 



Farm. Olivier^ Cuv., Ann. du Mus., V, xxix, 12 — 15. The 

 first species known; from Mesopotamia. 



Parm. palUolum, Feruss., pi. vii, A. Inhabits Brazil. Some 

 others are found in India. 



In the terrestrial Pulmonea with complete and apparent 

 shells, the edges of the aperture in the adult are usually tumid. 



Helix, Lin. 



To this genus Linnaeus referred all those species in which the aper- 

 ture of the shell, somewhat encroached upon by the projection of 

 the penultimate whorl, assumes a crescent-like figure. 



When this crescent of the aperture is as wide as it is high, or 

 wider, it becomes the 



Helix, Brug. and Lam. 



Some of them have a globular shell. 



Of this number is the Helix pomatia, L,, common in the gar- 

 dens and vineyards of France, with a reddish shell marked with 

 paler bands, an animal which in some places is considered a 

 delicious article of food. The Hel. nemoralis, L., is another; 

 whose shell is variously and vividly coloured; in wet seasons it 



