July i i, 1907 J 



NA TURE 



253 



scribe a number ot Scandinavian antiquities found at 

 York. Dr. L. R. Farnell, in a cornmunication on the 

 development of Greek religion, will criticise Dr. 

 Usener's theories concerning Sondergotter and Augen- 

 blick-Gotter. Among the communications in general 

 ethnographv may be mentioned : — Education and evo- 

 lution, the Rev. A. E. Crawley; a paper by Messrs. 

 T. A. Joyce and E. Torday on the ethnography of the 

 south-west Congo Free .Stale, dealing with the migra- 

 tions of the inhabitants of the territory drained by the 

 Kwango and Kwilu Rivers; a paper by Dr. W. H. R. 

 Rivers on Morgan's Malayan system of relationship, 

 which adduces evidence against his concept of the 

 " consanguineous family " as the earliest stage of 

 the development of human society. Prof. R. J. Ander- 

 son, in a paper on racial types of Connaught, describes 

 the chief phvsical types of that province, and discusses 

 the chief influences by which they are, or have been, 

 modified ; a study of the condition of the Maoris in 

 1907, by Miss B. Pullen-Burry, after describing their 

 religion and social organisation, deals with their 

 economic and social condition. Among papers of a 

 technical character, considerable interest attaches, in 

 view of the present lack of agreement as to the use of 

 anthropofcigical terms, to a communication by Dr. 

 Rivers in which he attempts to define the use of 

 certain sociological terms, and to a communication 

 bv Mr. J. L. Myres on the use of the triangle in 

 decorative art. 



The provisional programme of Section I (Phy- 

 siologv) is as follows : — ."Xugust i : Presidential ad- 

 dress and miscellaneous papers. The president. Dr. 

 \. D. Waller, has been stud3'ing chloroform of late, 

 and his address will probably take the form of a 

 general statement on the position of anesthetics at 

 the present time. .August 2 : The morning will be 

 devoted to papers on the electrophysiology of animals 

 and plants. Dr. Alcock, Dr. Waller, and others will 

 read papers. .August 5 : .\ discussion on the physio- 

 logical and therapeutical uses of alcohol will be opened 

 by Prof. Cushnv. Other speakers will include Sir 

 Victor Horsley, Dr. Dixon, Dr. Rivers, and Dr. Waller. 

 .August 6 : A discussion on antitoxins will be opened 

 bv Prof. Sims Woodhead. The afternoons will be in 

 part given to the reading of reports. There are 

 three committees which should report, the subjects 

 being: — (i) The investigation of the effect of climate 

 upon health; Sir Lauder Brunton, the president of 

 this committee, will read the report; (2) the deter- 

 mination of the metabolic balance-sheet of the indivi- 

 dual tissues, president, Prof. Gotch ; (i) the ductless 

 glands. Prof. Schafer. These reports will be presented 

 on the afternoons of .August i, 2, and 6 respectively. 



In Section K (Botany), Miss Eraser (of the Royal 

 Hollovvay College) and others will communicate the 

 results of recent investigations on the cytology of 

 fungi, particularlv in relation to se.xuality and the 

 reduction division. Mr. V. H. Blackman will take 

 part in the discussion on this subject. Prof. F. O. 

 Bower will communicate the results of his recent 

 work on the embryos of Pteridophvtes. Prof. Con- 

 wentz, the Prussian State Conmiissioner for the pre- 

 servation of natural monuments, will deliver a lecture, 

 illustrated bv lantern slides, at a joint meeting of 

 Sections C, E, and K, on the care of natural monu- 

 ments. Prof. F. W. Oliver is expected to communicate 

 the results of some recent investigations of Palaeozoic 

 seeds. Prof. Weiss will give the semi-popular lecture 

 on pollination in recent and fossil plants. There will 

 be a joint meeting with Section D to discuss the 

 physical basis of hereditv (opened by Prof. Hickson), 

 and with Sections D and L to discuss the teachinsr 

 of botany in schools. Prof. Armstrong will com- 

 municate" a caper on the theorv of enzyme-action. 

 There will be a visit to Mr. Hurst's nurseries at 

 NO. 1967, VOL. 76I 



Burbage to inspect his experiments in hybridisation, 

 and a botanical excursion to Charnwood Forest. 



Discussions on several important subjects have 

 been arranged by the organising committee of 

 Section L (Educational Science) ; and among the 

 authors and speakers are leading representatives of 

 every grade of educational activity. The chief educa- 

 tional associations have appointed delegates to attend 

 the meeting. After .Sir Philip Magnus's presi- 

 dential address on August i, there will be a 

 discussion at a joint meeting with Section H 

 (.Anthropology) on anthropometrics in schools, with 

 particular reference to the recommendations of 

 the Phvsical Deterioration Committee, .\mong the 

 expected speakers are Sir Victor Horslev, Mr. R. C. 

 Lehmann, M.P., Dr. F. C. .Shrubsall, Mr. I. Grav, 

 Mr. E. Meyrick, Prof. M. E. Sadler, Dr. J. Gow, 

 Mr. Cecil Hawkins, and Mr. S. R. Brown. Friday, 

 .August 2, will be occupied with a discussion of the 

 scholarship system in all its aspects from the primary 

 school to the university, with papers by Miss J. 

 Cleghorn, Mr. A. R. "Pickles, president of the 

 National Union of Teachers; Mr. W. A. Brockington, 

 Miss S. Heron, Mr. I. L. Paton, Mr. G. Gidlev Robin- 

 son, Rev. A. .A. David, Dr. H. B. Baker, Prof. H. A. 

 Miers, and Prof. M. E. Sadler. The curricula of 

 secondary schools will form the subject of discussion on 

 the morning of .August 5, in connection with 

 the report of a committee appointed at the 

 York meeting last year. Mr. R. E. Thwaites will state 

 the results of an" inquiry into science teaching in 

 secondary schools. In the afternoon there will be a 

 joint meeting with Sections D and K on the teaching 

 of biology in schools, to be introduced bv Mr. O. H. 

 Latter. "Other speakers will be Prof. S. J. Hickson, 

 Prof. J. B. Farmer, Miss Lilian Clarke, Miss Laurie, 

 Mr. M. D. Hill, Mr. E. Meyrick, and Mr. Hugh 

 Richardson. August 6 will be devoted to scientific 

 teaching in relation to trade classes and industrial re- 

 quirements, this general description to include the con- 

 sideration of domestic subjects in girls' schools, day 

 trade schools for girls, preparation for technical train- 

 ing in day and evening schools, and the qualifications 

 of teachers. Papers dealing with these subjects will 

 be contributed bv Mrs. Ramsay MacDonald, Mr. 

 C. T. Millis, Mr. "J. G. Legge, and Mr. J. H. Haw- 

 thorn. 



THE KING AND HIGHER EDUCATION IN 

 WALES. 



THE foundation stone of the new buildings of the 

 L^niversity College of North Wales was laid by 

 the King on T"uesdav, July 9. The King was accom- 

 panied by the Queen i and the ceremony was performed 

 in the presence of a large and brilliant assembly. In 

 his response to an address of welcome, presented by 

 the Lord Lieutenant, the King said that the main 

 object of his visit to \\'ales was to express again his 

 belief in the necessity of affording the youths of the 

 country the most complete educational equipment 

 possible, both for their self-improvement and in order 

 to enable them to acquire success in life. The King 

 also remarked, in the course of a reply to an address 

 presented bv the Mayor and Corporation of Bangor, 

 that " Education, aiid especially secondary educa- 

 tion, is a subject the importance of which cannot be 

 over-estimated, and which engages my cordial interest 

 and encouragement." Replying on behalf of the 

 Oueen and himself to an address from the governors 

 of the college, the King again referred to his interest 

 in higher education in the following words : — 



The admir.ihle work performed by the college in its 

 temporary buildings has been widely recognised and was 



