NO. 2 FRASER : SCIENTIFIC WORK, VELERO III, EASTERN PACIFIC 201 



Island, % mile long and slightly more than % mile wide. A bank from 

 the main island extends around Fronton Island, as it does around some of 

 the other small islands. 



There is a shore station on the breakwater at Callao, but in this vi- 

 cinity all the dredging has been done around Fronton Island and the 

 adjacent portion of San Lorenzo Island. 



West of Callao Bay, 37 miles from Bernal Point, is a small cluster 

 of rocks, Hormigas de Afuera, guano covered and without vegetation. 

 Here are two dredging stations, in 45 fathoms, mud and shell. 



From Callao Point the coast line continues in the same general di- 

 rection for 120 miles and then swings westward, 10 miles, to Paracas 

 Point, with a southward indentation east of the point to form Paracas 

 Bay, so that the Paracas Peninsula is cut nearly halfway through at the 

 base. The peninsula is 7 miles wide at the face between Point Paracas and 

 Point Huacas. 



North of the peninsula, 10 miles, are the three small Chincha Islands, 

 North, Middle, and South islands. The South Island is the smallest, and 

 the Middle Island is but slightly smaller than the North Island. These 

 islands are most definitely the "Bird Islands of Peru." So much guano 

 has been exported that the height of the islands has materially decreased. 

 Here again, the birds have been the big attraction, but there have been 

 some shore collecting and considerable dredging. In shallow water, in 

 sand, shell, and rock, fair results have been obtained, but in the deeper 

 water, in mud, there is little but hosts of nematodes. 



From Point Huacas the coast trends to the southeast and south, 20 

 miles, to Carretas Head, which extends southward to shut off the nor- 

 thern part of Independencia Bay. This large bay is 15 miles long, but is 

 narrowed to 10 miles at the entrance between Carretas Head and Que- 

 mado Point. It is largely shut off from the open sea in its southern por- 

 tion by the islands Viejas and Santa Rosa, but there is a wide channel, 

 Trujillana Channel, between Viejas Island and Carretas Head. Here the 

 water is much deeper than in most of the bay itself, where it is seldom 

 more than 20 fathoms. 



There are shore stations in rock and in sand on the mainland side of 

 the bay south of Tungo Village and on the rocky shore on the east side 

 of the island. Lobster traps have been set and dipping has been effective. 

 There have been about 20 dredging stations off Tungo Village and south 

 of this, east of Viejas Island, in the middle of the bay, in the central and 

 southern portions, and in Trujillana Channel. In the shallow water in 



