210 INSECTA. 
is easy to confound them. In this way and at an angle of forty-five 
degrees, or more, with the limb to which they are attached, these 
animals remain for hours and even days. 
The chrysalides are almost naked, or their cocoon is extremely 
thin, and poorly furnished with silk. 
This section, exclusive of the caterpillars, contains but one sub- 
genus, or 
PHALZNA proper. 
The caterpillar of the Phalena margaritaria, Fab., has twelve 
feet(1); the others have but ten. 
P. sambucaria, L.; Rees., Insect. I, Class III, Pap. Noct., VI. 
One of the largest that inhabits France; sulphur-coloured; wings 
extended and marked with brown, transverse stripes; the infe- 
rior prolonged at the external angle in the manner of a tail, 
where two small blackish spots may be observed. 
The caterpillar is brown, resembling a little stick both in 
form and colour. The head is flat and oval. With this species 
and some others, of which the inferior wings have a similar 
shape, Dr Leach has formed the genus Ourapteryz. z 
P. syringaria, L.; Roes., Ibid., X, where the antenne are pec- 
tinated in the ae whose wings are sorperee by a mixture of 
yellowish, brown, and reddish. 
The caterpillar has four stout tubercles on its back, in addi- 
tion to smaller ones, and a horn or hook on the eighth ring. 
P. grossularia, Roes., Ibid., Il. Wings white, spotted with 
black; two bands of pale yellow on the upper ones, one near the 
base, and the other a little beyond the middle. 
The caterpillar is bluish-grey above, spotted with black; in- 
ferior side and venter yellow, dotted with black.- ~ 
The female of the Ph. brumata, L., as well as those of some 
analogous species, have mere rudiments of wings. They only 
appear in winter(2). t 
De Geer describes a species (Ph. a six ailes), the male of 
which appears to have six wings, the inferior ones with a little 
appendage which is laid on them(3). 
The eighth section of the Nocturna, that of the Dertrorpzs, 
(1) The type of my subgenus Merrocamre. 
(2) They form my subgenus Hysernra. 
' (8) For the other species, see Fabricius and Hubner. 
