PARENCHYMATA., 369 
arose from these suckers, and crept*along the margin of the joints 
of the body. Each of the latter has one or two pores differently 
situated, according to the species, which appear to be the orifices of 
ovaries that are placed in the thickness of the joints, where they are 
sometimes simple, and at others ramous. The Texniz are among 
the most cruel enemies of the animals in which they are developed, 
and which are apparently exhausted by them. ® 
In some, there is no projecting part in the four suckers. Such in 
Man is the 
T. lata, Rud.; 7. vulgaris, Gm.3; Geetz., XLI, 5—9. (The 
~ Common Tape-worm.) The joints are broad, short, and fur- 
nished with a double pore in the middle of each side. It is very 
frequently twenty feet in length, and it has been found upwards 
of ahundred. The large ones are nearly an inch wide, but the 
head and anterior portion of the body are always very slender. 
This species is extremely injurious and tenacious. The most 
violent remedies frequently fail to expel it. 
In others, the prominence between the suckers is armed with 
little radiating points. Such is the 
T. solium, L.3 Getz., XXI, 1—7; Encyc., XL, 15—22, and 
XLI, 1—7; Ver solitaire of the French. Its joints, the ante- 
rior ones excepted, are longer than they are wide, and have the 
pore placed alternately on one of their edges. It is usually from 
four to ten feet in length, but mich larger ones are sometimes 
met with. The vulgar idea that but one of these animals is 
found at a time in the same individual is very far from being 
true. Its detached joints are styled cucurbitini. It is one of 
the most dangerous of the intestinal worms and the most diffi- 
cult to expel(1). 
From these ordinary ‘Twnie, on account of the form of 
their head, are distinguished the 
Tricusprmaria, Rud. 
Now called Trianophora by the same author, where the head, di- 
vided as it were into two lips or lobes, instead of suckers, has two 
tri-pointed spinuli or stings, on each side. 
(1) For the other species, see Rud., Hist., Hf, 77, and Syn., 144, 
Voi. 1V.—2 W 
