CORALLIFERI. 409 
rounded mosses, or leaves, but is always furnished with lamellz 
which unite concentrically in points where they represent stars, or 
which terminate in lines more or less serpentine. While alive, this 
stony portion is covered with a living bark, soft, gelatinous, and 
completely covered with rosettes of tentacula which are the Polypi 
or rather the Actiniz, for they usually have several circles of ten- 
tacula, and the lamelle of the stars correspond in some respects to 
the membranous laminz of the body of the Actiniz. The bark and 
Polypi contract on the slightest touch. 
The diversity of their general form, and of the figures which re- 
sult from the combination of their lamellz, has given rise to various 
subdivisions, several of which however re-enter others. It will be 
impossible to establish them definitively until the peau of the 
Polypi with those forms are known. 
When there is but a single star, circular or in an elongated line, 
with very numerous laminz, we have the Fune1a, Lam.(1) The ani- 
mal exactly represents a single Actinia, with large and numerous 
tentacula, and of which the mouth corresponds to the depressed 
part in which all the lamine terminate. 
Stony corals with a single star, that appear to have been per- 
fectly free from adhesion, are found among fossils, and constitute 
the Tursinotia, Lam.(2), CycLoxtiruus(3), and Tursrnotopsis, La- 
mouroux(4). 
When the Madrepore is ramous, and the stars are confined to the 
extremity of each branch, it becomes the Caryopnyituia, Lam. The 
branches are striated. At each star is a mouth surrounded with 
numerous tentacula(5), 
Ocutina, Lam. 
The Oculine have very short lateral ramusculi, giving them the 
(1) Mad. fungites, L., or Fungia agariciformis, Lam., Sol. and Ell, pl. XXX VII, 
f. 5, 6.;—M. patella, or F. patellaris, Lam., Id., tb., 1, 2, 3, 4;—M. pileus or 
Fung. limacina, Lam., Id., pl. XLV; Seb. Il, cxi, 3, 5;—F. talpa, Lam.; Seb., 
exi, 6, and cxii, 31. 
(2) Mad. turbinata, L.; Am. Ac., I, iv, 1, 2, 3,7;—Turb. crispa, Lamour, App. 
to Sol. and Ell., LXXIV, f. 14—17;—T. cristata, Ib., f. 18, 21;—7. compressa, Ib., 
DQNOB! 
(3) Mad. porpita, L., Am. Ac. I, iv, 5; Cycl. elliptica, Guett., Mem., III, xxi, 
a7, 18: 
(4) Turbinolopsis ocracea, Lamour., App. Sol. and Ell., pl. LXXXI, f. 4—4. 
(5) Madr. cyathus, Sol. and Ell., XXVIII, f. 7;—WM. calieularis, Gm., Esper, I, 
pl. xvi;—M. fasciculata, Sol. and Ell., XXX;—M. flexuosa, Sol. and Ell., XXX1I, 
Vou. 1V.—3 B 
