POLYPODIACEAE 53 



5. Filix Adans. {Cystopteris Bernh.) 



Blades broadest at the base, long-tapering, bearing bulblets beneath, 



minutely glandular. 1. F. bulbifera. 



Blades lanceolate, short-pointed, without bulblets or glands. 2. F.fragiHs. 



1. F. bulbifera (L.) Underw. On wet rocks and in ravines: 



Newf. to Man., Wise, and Iowa, south to northern Ga., 

 Ala. and Ark. Also in Utah. 



Conn. Rare and local near the coast and in the eastern part of the 



state, increasing northwestward. 

 N. Y. Dutchess, Columbia and Greene counties in the Hudson 



Valley, not reported from the Catskills. 

 N. J. Warren, Morris, Bergen, Passaic and Sussex counties. 

 Pa. Monroe, Northampton and Bucks counties. 



Tertiary, o: Cretaceous, o: Older Formations, increasing 

 northward, and especially on limestone. 123-189 days. Sea 

 level-2,580 ft. 



2. F. fragilis (L.) Gilib. On rocks and in moist grassy woods: 



Newf. and Lab. to Alask., south to Ga., Ala., Kan., Ariz, 

 and S. Cal. Also in Greenland and the Old World. 



Conn. Throughout the state. 



N. Y. Unknown on L. I., rare on S. I., thence increasing north- 

 ward. 



N. J. Reported from Camden and Monmouth counties, north and 

 west of the pine-barrens, thence increasing northward. 



Pa. Pike, Luzerne, Monroe, Northampton and Lehigh counties. 

 Tertiary, o: Cretaceous, very rare and perhaps only adventive: 



Older Formations, increasing northward. 1 18-189 days. Sea 



level-3,800 ft. 



6. Polystichum Roth. 



Leaves normally simply pinnate, the upper pinnae soriferous and 



contracted. 1. P. achrostichoides. 



Leaves bipinnatifid or bipinnate, the soriferous pinnae not con- 

 tracted. 2. P. Braunii. 



1. P. achrostichoides (Michx.) Schott. In woods and on hill- 



sides: N. S. to Ont. and Wise, south to Tex. and the Gulf 

 States. 



Throughout the range except the pine-barrens. 



2. P. Braunii (Spenner) Fee. In rocky woods: N. S. to Alask., to 



northern N. Eng., the mountains of Pa. to Mich, and Br. 

 Col. 



