70 



PINEACAE 



Leaves scattered, persistent. 



Cones pendulous; leaves jointed to short persistent 

 sterigmata. 

 Leaves sessile, tetragonal. 

 Leaves short-stalked, flat. 

 Cones erect, sterigmata inconspicuous or none. 

 Scales of the cone few (3-12); leaf-buds naked. 

 Cone oblong, its scales not peltate. 

 Cone globose, its scales peltate. 

 Fruit fleshy, berry-like, a modified cone. 



i. Pinus L. 



3. PlCEA. 



4. TSUGA. 



5. Abies. 



6. Thuja. 



7. Chamaecyparis. 



8. Juniperus. 



I. P. Strobus. 



P. scrotina. 

 P. Taeda. 



Leaves 5 in a sheath; cone-scales little thickened at the tip. 

 Leaves less than 5 in a sheath; cone-scales prominently thickened at 

 the tip. 

 Cones terminal or sub-terminal; scales pointless; leaves in 2's. 2. P. resinosa. 

 Cones lateral; scales prickle-tipped or spine-tipped. 

 Leaves predominately in 2's. 



'""ones 3-7 cm. long, the scales prickle-tipped. 



Leaves stout, 3-6 cm. long. 3. P. virginiana. 



Leaves slender, 7-13 cm. long; bark in large plates. 4. P. echinata. 

 Cones 8-12 cm. long, the scales with stout spine. 5. P. pungens. 



Leaves predominately in 3's. 



Cones ovoid, globose, or broader than long. 



Leaves 12 cm. long or less; cone-scales with stiff 



prickles. 6. P. rigida. 



Leaves 15-25 cm. long; cone-scales with slender, 

 often deciduous prickles. 

 Cones conic or oblong-conic; leaves 15-30 cm. long. 



i. P. Strobus L. On hillsides and mountain slopes, sometimes 

 in swampy situations in the southerly part of its range: 

 Newf. to Man., south along the mountains to Ga., west to 

 111. and Iowa. 



Conn. Throughout, decreasing near the coast. 



N. Y. Throughout, rare on S. I.; uncommon south of the moraine 



on L. I., but at West Hempstead and Jamaica (according to 



Bicknell); and near Riverhead. 

 N. J. Frequent in northern counties, decreasing southward; 



Swedesboro, Gloucester Co., Whitings, Ocean Co. 

 Pa. Throughout. 



Tertiary, rare: Cretaceous, more common: Older formations, 

 ubiquitous. 120-186 days. Sea level-2,100 ft. 



2. P. resinosa Ait. Hillsides and mountain slopes: Newf. to 

 Man., Mass., Pa., Wise, and Minn. 

 Conn. Salisbury and Granby. 



