PINACEAE 73 



Pa. Monroe and Pike counties. 

 Tertiary, o: Cretaceous, o: Older Formations, increasing at 



higher elevations. Not south of the moraine. 1 17-149 days. 



740-2,400 ft. 

 2. P. rubens Sargent. In moist places in our range, forming 



exclusive forests northward: Newf. to northern N. Y., Minn., 



south in the mountains to Va. and Ga. 



Conn. Wanting near the coast, increasing northwestward. 



N. Y. Throughout, except south of the Hudson Highlands and on 

 S. I., increasing northward; rare at Orient, L. I. 



N. J. New Durham, Hudson Co.; Palisades, Bergen Co.; Ironia, 

 Morris Co., and Knighton, Hunterdon Co.; increasing north- 

 ward. 



Pa. Carbon, Luzerne, Monroe and Pike counties, increasing 

 northward. 



Tertiary, o: Cretaceous, o: Older Formations, increasing north- 

 ward. Not south of the moraine, except in eastern Pa. 1 18-186 



days. Sea level-2,100 ft. 



The white spruce, P. canadensis (Mill.) B. S. P., and the Norway spruce, P. Abies 

 (L.) Karst., have both been reported as established escapes. 



4. Tsuga Carr. 

 1. T. canadensis (L.) Carr. In rocky situations, rarely in rich 

 swales, forming exclusive forests northward but more local 

 southward: New Brunswick to Ala., Ont. and Wise. 



Conn. Throughout, increasing northward. 



N. Y. A single tree at Old Place, S. I. ; Roslyn, L. I. (according to 



Bicknell) ; common throughout the rest of the state, increasing 



northward. 

 N. J. From Salem to Middlesex counties exclusively north and 



west of the Tertiary sands and gravels; in small swales along the 



Delaware River; common and increasing northward. 

 Pa. Throughout, increasing northward. 



Tertiary, o : Cretaceous, mostly in local depression areas, specially 

 in the region of glacial terraces:* Older Formations, common. 

 1 17-186 days. Sea level-2,400 ft. 



5. Abies [Tourn.] Hill. (See pi. 7) 

 1. A. balsamea (L.) Mill. Mostly in cold swamps: Lab. to Va., 

 westward to Minn, and Athabasca. 



* See Introduction paragraph 34. 



