VIOLACEAE 453 



Softly pubescent; root leaves often wanting; stem 



leaves broad, often 7 cm. wide or wider. 27. V. pubescens. 



Sparingly pubescent, root leaves usually 1-2; stem 



leaves rarely over 7 cm. wide. 28. V. eriocarpa. 



Petals white inside, tinged with violet outside. 29. V. canadensis. 



Stipules fringed toothed or lyrate-pinnatifid, herbaceous or 

 leaf-like. 

 Style slender, not much enlarged upward; stipules 

 somewhat herbaceous, fringe toothed. 

 Tip of the style bent downward, slightly pubescent 

 near the apex. 

 Petals white or cream colored. 

 Petals pale violet or violet purple. 

 Style straight and glabrous; petals lilac with 

 violet spot near the center. 

 Style much enlarged upward; stipules large, leaf-like 

 and lyrate-pinnatifid. 

 Stipules pinnatisect at the base; upper leaves 



crenately serrate. 33- v - arvensis. 



Stipules palmately pectinate at the base; upper 



leaves entire or nearly so. 34. V. Rafinesquii. 



V. odorata L. Escaped from gardens: Nov. Scot, to southern 

 N. Y. and N. J. Also in the south and on the Pacific coast. 

 Native of Europe. 



Rare as an occasional escape from gardens. 



V. pedata L. ( V. pedata lineariloba DC). In open sandy 

 places: Me. and Ont. to Minn., Mo. and Fla. 



Common over most of our range, always decreasing inland and 

 increasing in the sandy regions of the coastal plain except in the 

 pine-barrens, there rare. 



. V. rotundifolia Michx. Rocky woods and hillsides: Lab. and 

 Ont. to Minn., south in the mountains to N. Car. 

 Conn. Rare and local in the coastal part of New London Co., 



increasing and common northwestward. 

 N. Y. A single station on L. I. On S. I. near Bull's Head, rare 



and local in Bronx and Westchester counties, increasing and 



common northward. 

 N. J. Kinkora, Burlington Co.; reported but notdefinitly known 



from near Keyport, Monmouth Co., increasing northward. 

 Pa. Throughout, increasing at higher elevations. 



Tertiary, o: Cretaceous, very rare: Older Formations, increasing 

 northward. Predominating north of the moraine. 117-220 days. 

 Sea level-2,800 ft. 



