622 COMPOSITAE 



29. Heliopsis Pers. 



Leaves smooth or nearly so; pappus none or of 2-4 short teeth. 1. H. helianthoides. 



Leaves rough; pappus crown-like or of 1-3 sharp bristles. 2. H. scabra. 



i. H. helianthoides (L.) B. S. P. In open places: Ont. to Fla., 

 west to 111. and Ky. 

 Conn. Scattered over most of the state, but perhaps adventive 



from the west ; rare. 

 N. Y. Rare and local on L. I. and S. I., increasing northward. 

 N. J. Very rare in Camden, Burlington, Ocean and Monmouth 



counties, north and west of the pine-barrens, thence increasing 



northward. 

 Pa. Northampton, Delaware, Chester and Philadelphia counties. 



Tertiary, o: Cretaceous, rare: Older Formations, increasing 

 northward and westward. 118-220 days. Sea level-3,500 ft. 



2. H. scabra Dunal. In dry soil: Me. to N. Y., N. J., 111., B. 

 Col., Kan. and Ark. 

 Conn. Rare and local in the southern tier of counties, unknown 



elsewhere. 

 N. Y. S. I., L. I., Bronx and Westchester counties. 

 N. J. Rare in Middlesex, Warren and Bergen counties, unknown 



elsewhere. 

 Pa. Northampton and Lehigh counties. 



Scattered and rare in our area; distribution little understood. 

 H. bupthalmoides Dun. has been recorded as a waif. 



30. Verbesina L. 



1. V. alba L. (Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk.). Along streams and in 

 waste places: southern N. Y. to III. and Neb., south to Fla., 

 Tex. and Mex. Naturalized from Trop. Am. 

 N. Y. Inwood on Manhattan and on S. I. 

 N. J. Monmouth, Middlesex and Bergen counties; frequent 



southward on the coastal plain, except the pine-barrens. 

 Pa. Bucks, Philadelphia, Delaware and Chester counties. 



31. Rudbeckia L. 



Disk globose or ovoid and purple or dark brown in fruit; lower leaves 

 entire or lobed. 

 Lower leaves deeply 3-lobed or 3-divided; hirsute. 1. R. triloba. 



Lower leaves neither 3-lobed or 3-divided. 



Plants hispid; style-tips subulate. 2. R. hirta. 



Plants pubescent, hirsute or glabrate; style tips obtuse. 



