638 COMPOSITAE 



the base; flowers purple. 6. C. muticum. 



Heads small, numerous, 2.5 cm. broad or less; flowers im- 

 perfect, dioecious. 7. C. arvense. 



1. C. lanceolatum (L.) Hill. Tn fields and waste places; Newf. 



to Ga., west to Minn., Neb. and Kan. Native of Europe. 

 Locally abundant as a weed. 



2. C. altissimum (L.) Spreng. In fields and thickets: Mass. to S. 



Dak., Fla., Neb. and Tex. 



Conn. Salisbury. 



N. Y. Westchester Co. 



Pa. Bucks, Delaware and Chester counties. 



3. C. discolor (Muhl.) Spreng. In fields and along roadsides: 



Que. and Ont. to Ga., S. Dak., Neb. and Mo. 



Common as a weed throughout the range, except the pine-barrens. 



4. C. odoratum (Muhl.) Britton. In fields: Me. to Pa. and Del. 



Locally rare, but found throughout the area, except the pine- 

 barrens. 



5. C. horridulum Michx. (C. spinossimus Walt.). In dry or moist 



sandy soil: Me. to Pa., Fla. and Tex. 



Mostly confined to the region near the coast in our area, but also 

 at Spring Valley, Rockland Co., N. Y., and in Hunterdon Co., N. J . ; 

 not in the pine-barrens. 



6. C. muticum Michx. In swamps and moist soil: Newf. to 



Fla., N. W. Terr, and Tex. 



Throughout the area, except in the pine-barrens. 



7. C. arvense (L.) Scop. In fields and waste places: Newf. to 



Va., S. Dak., Mont, and Kan. Native of Europe. 



Common as a weed; at Kutztown, Pa., and perhaps elsewhere. 

 C. arvense mite has been collected. 

 C. palustre (L.) Scop, has been found as a waif near Queens, L. I. 



54. Carduus [Vaill.] L. 



Heads solitary, nodding. 1. C. nutans. 



Ilr, ids several, cluttered. 2. C. crispus. 



i. C. nutans L. In waste places: Pa. and N. J. to N. B. and in 

 ballast about the sea ports. Native of Europe and Asia. 



Rare as a weed near Jersey City and Hoboken, unknown de- 

 finitely elsewhere. Not recently collected. 



