214 BULLETIN: MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 
Malte-Brun says the coast of Brazil “from Maranhäo to Olinda is 
bounded by a reef of coral, resembling in many places an artificial mole.” 
He says also that the harbor of Porto Seguro “ is sheltered on all sides 
by steep coral rock.” 
Malte-Brun. Voyage й la Cochinchine par les Îles de Madère le Brésil 
et РПе de Java (ete.). Par John Barrow . . . Traduit de Anglais 
avec notes et additions. Par Malte-Brun. 2 vols. Paris, 1807. 
The fourth Chapter, from which the following is taken, was written by 
Malte-Brun. Tome I., p. 156, says : “ The northern coasts of Brazil from 
Pará to Olinda are bordered by a reef . . . which at many points re- 
sembles an embankment or dike. It is without doubt of coral rock. 
The inhabitants of Olinda and of Parahyba use it to build their houses, 
Similar reefs form all the ports and estuaries of the province of Porto 
Seguro ; they look like a natural wall along the coast.” The foot-notes 
lead one to suppose that these observations are taken from the writings 
of Piso and Barlaeus. 
Mansfield, C. B. Paraguay, Brazil and the Plate. Letters written in 
1852-1853. Cambridge, 1856, p. 27-29. 
‘A small sketch is given showing the reef and harbor at Pernambuco. 
“This reef, which seems to be about five or six feet across, runs along 
the coast for some three hundred miles. . . . It is formed of sandstone, 
full of pebbles and shells, and stands up just like a wall.” 
Maximilian, Prince of Wied-Neuwied. ‘Travels in Brazil. London, 
1820. 
The author travelled (1815-1817) along the coast from Rio de Janeiro 
to Bahia. Just south of the mouth of Rio do Frade (South of Porto 
Seguro) he found (р. 259) “at very low water extensive banks of sand 
and calcareous rocks, which stretch far into the sea, and which have 
probably been chiefly produced by zoóphytes. Their surface is divided 
into regular parallel clefts.” (French ed. Paris, 1821. II., р. 72.) He 
mentions the reef at Porto Seguro (265), and another across the mouth 
of Rio Santa Cruz, five leagues north of Porto Seguro (p. 268. French 
ed., П., p. 87-88). 
Montanus, Arnoldus. De Nieue en Onbekende Weereld of Beschrijving 
van America en ’i Zuid Land, Vervaetende d’Oorsprong der Amer- 
icaenen, ete. Door Arnoldus Montanus t'Amsterdam. By Jacob 
Meurs, 1671. 
The German translation of the above, erroneously credited to Dr. O. 
D(apper), has been examined. It is entitled Die Unbekante Neue Welt, 
