DERIVED FROM ANATOMY, HISTORY, AND THE MONUMENTS. 147 
There are other paintings, especially some at Abousimbel of the age of Rameses IIL, 
which correspond in every particular with the Scythian physiog- 
nomy as recorded in history ;* and the name of Scheto, by which 
they are designated on the monuments, confirms the suggestion 
of the hieroglyphists that they represent a Scythian or Scytho- 
Bactrian people.t 
The researches of Lord Lindsay seem to prove that the As- 
syrians were also among the Hykshos conquerors of Egypt; 
and the shepherds who invaded Egypt before the time of Abra- 
ham are called Cushim by the ancients, which means Ethiopians or Babylonians; for 
the country on both sides of the Persian Gulf was called Cush.t 
Plutarch, quoting Manetho, asserts that Tiphonean or red-haired men were sacrificed 
in the temples of Eletheias, and their ashes scattered to the winds. Was this done in 
commemoration of the hatred which the Egyptians bore to the red-haired Hykshos? 
6. THE COPTS. 
From various antecedent remarks it will be perceived that I regard the Copts as a 
mixed community, derived in diverse proportions from the Caucasian and the Negro; and 
this diversity of origin may explain the dissimilar characteristics which travellers have 
ascribed to them. 
Denon, for example, described them as having “ flat foreheads, eyes half closed, and 
raised up at the angles, high cheek bones, a broad, flat, and short nose, a large, flattened 
mouth, placed at a considerable distance from the nose, thick lips, a little beard, a shape- 
less body, crooked legs, without expression in the contour, and long, flat toes.”"§ Denon 
even thinks that these features correspond, in a remarkable manner, with the human face 
and figure as represented in Egyptian painting and sculpture! And Sonnini, after de- 
scribing them in nearly analogous terms, adds the moral reproach, that while “they are 
the ugliest of men, they are the filthiest and most disgusting.”’| 
If we compare these seemingly exaggerated descriptions with those of Brown, Lane, 
and some other travellers, the discrepancy is so great as, at first thought, to baffle all 
explanation. Brown, for example, “was not struck with any resemblance to the Negro 
features or form;”’ and he saw nothing remarkable in the texture of the hair.4] “The 
eyes of the Copts,” says Mr, Lane, “are generally large and elongated, slightly inclining 
from the nose upwards, and always black. The nose is straight, excepting at the end, 
where it is rounded and wide; and the lips are rather thick, and the hair is black and 
curly.”** Madden adds that they are characterized by a remarkable distance between 
the eyes. Belzoni observed among them some as fair as Kuropeans; Rosellini assures 
us that they are largely mixed with Jewish and Roman blood ;++ and D’Avezae, like De- 
pauw, discovers in them a partial Chinese ancestry. These, and numberless other op- 
* Prichard, Researches, Vol. IIL, p. 441. + Champollion, Monumens, Tom. L., Plate XXXVI. 
{ Mrs. H. Gray, History of Etruria, Vol. I, p. 81, 39. § Voyage en Egypte, L,, p. 206, : sh 
\| Trav. in Egypt, IL., p. 168. See also Volney, Voyage, I., p. 70. 7 Trav. in Africa, p. 77. 
“* Modern Egyptians, II., p. 310. ++ Monumenti, M. C. IL, p. 77- 
