BRANNER: THE STONE REEFS OF BRAZIL. T 
headed by our able fellow-countryman, O. A. Derby, are undertaking 
topographie maps. 4 
Many kind friends have placed me under obligations by their cordial 
assistance in connection with this work. Mr. Whitaker, formerly Presi- 
dent of the Geological Society of London, has helped me with valuable 
references. At Washington, Mr. Hay, Secretary of State, kindly fur- 
nished me with letters to the diplomatic and consular representatives of 
the United States in Brazil, and procured for me letters from the 
Brazilian minister at Washington to the governors of the Brazilian 
states to be visited. 
In Brazil, the governors and the American representatives were 
extremely obliging ; without their co-operation it would have been im- 
possible to carry on my work. Mr. Guy Swift of Pernambuco, the 
former head of the firm of Henry Forster and Company at that place, 
has, by his high standing as a business man and his acquaintance with 
the country and the people, been of the greatest possible service. Mr. 
Kenneth С. Масгау of Maceio, by his kindness and hospitality, made it 
possible for the expedition to accomplish at that place much that without 
such aid could not have been done. 
As stated above, the last expedition in connection with this work was 
made in 1899, and was provided for by Dr. Alexander Agassiz. I was 
accompanied by several volunteer assistants : Ray Collins, B. H. Collins, 
Harold Havens, and С. Е. Gilman, at that time students of geology in 
Stanford University. Mr. Gilman made most of the maps of special 
areas. My principal assistant was Dr. Arthur W. Greeley, now of 
Washington University, at St, Louis, who had entire charge of the bio- 
logie work. Dr. Greeley prepared the paper on the corals at the end of 
this report. The materials collected by him were sent to specialists, and 
the following papers have already been published upon them by the 
Washington Academy of Sciences: * Crustacea” by Mary J. Rathbun ; 
“Isopod Crustacea,” by Harriet Richardson; “ Mollusca,” by W. Н. 
Dall; “ Fishes,” by С. H. Gilbert. 
The original maps accompanying this paper — those by Messrs. Gil- 
man and Havens— were made with a six-inch compass needle for 
taking bearings, while distances were either paced or determined by 
triangulation. The long reefs were all paced; the isolated rocks were 
located by triangles. 
