146 OBSERVATIONS ON EGYPTIAN ETHNOGRAPHY, 
the materials used in erecting those splendid Pharaonic monuments of which they yet 
form a part. 
The three following heads are copied from Mr. Perring’s very interesting memoir. 
No. 1, the portrait of a king whose name is read Shai by Champollion, copied from 
his tomb in the western valley near Thebes. The bold, heavy features, and harsh 
expression are very remarkable, and Mr. Perring observes that this personage is repre- 
sented of a much lighter red than is usual with the Egyptians. 
No. 2. Head of another king of this exotic dynasty, with long sharp features, whose 
name reads Atenre-Backhan on the monuments, copied from a stone in the second pro- 
pylon of Karnak. 
No. 3. Another effigy of the same king, from the grottoes of El Tell, of which Mr. 
Perring remarks, that having been copied in haste it is somewhat in caricature. 
El Tell, or Tel-el-Amarna, appears to have been the stronghold of these “ foreign 
marauders,” respecting whom Mr. Gliddon, after suggesting the probability that the so- 
vereigns may have been of Arabian origin, inquires—‘‘ whether the present inhabitants, 
whose village occupies the once warlike camp or city of Atenre, have in their views and 
in their physical conformation, some vestiges of that early tribe of heterodox conquerors? 
And may not then the cause of the almost instinctive terror with which the natives of 
other parts of Egypt regard this vicinity, proceed from vague traditions of ancient pre- 
datory habits,—some fitful legend that has outlived thirty-five centuries?”* 
There are many effigies of the same general character of the age 
of the fourth Rameses. One of them, a captive, is figured in the 
margin. Wilkinson reads their name Tochari on the monuments; 
Rosellini translates it Fekkaro. ‘To my view they have the lined 
and hardy features of the Celts or Gauls, of whom, however, we 
have little knowledge at that remote date, (B. C. 1400,) although 
even then they occupied a large part of southern Europe. They 
perhaps rather pertain to the Phenician branch of the Cauca- 
sian race. 
* Appeal to the Antiquarians of Europe on the destruction of the monuments of Egypt. By George R. Gliddon. p. 27. 
The portrait of Atenre-Backhan, another of these Hykshos kings, will be found in Wilkinson, second series, Plate XXX. 
