144 BULLETIN OF THE 
larves on rencontre tous les intermédiaires entre les noyaux des extrémi- 
tes et ceux du milieu. Peu à peu le boyau s'efface, le noyau lui-même 
se rétrécit et perd la régularité de ses contours à cause du plissement 
de sa membrane; à la fin la nucleine ne forme plus à Vintérieur qu’une 
masse compacte et homogene, & peu pres comme cela se présente dans 
la tête des spermatozoïdes.” In both cases the degenerated nuclei are 
found in stages of division ; in both, the cytoplasmic reticulum is distinct 
only in old cells, and where these cells are binucleate it is dicentric, 
with filaments radiating from the nuclei. The dicentricity of the binu- 
cleate cells is a point to which Carnoy calls special attention (p. 229). 
He considers that here the radiating filaments of the cytoplasmic retic- 
ulum answer to the polar asters of karyokinesis, and that the nucleus 
has the function of a centrosome. The same reasoning would apply 
to the degenerated cells of the scorpion’s serosa. 
The regressive metamorphosis undergone by the epithelial cells of 
the ovarian capsule (Figs. 24-26) is very peculiar. Here, again, the 
cell walls are affected in the same way as in the serosa and amnion, for 
they are not distinctly seen until after the nuclei have degenerated. 
Nearly all of the epithelial cells of an old capsule have two nuclei, which 
are dissimilar in size and appearance (Figs. 24 and 25). The smaller 
takes a rather deep, uniform stain, almost as dark as that of the chro- 
matin of the other. A nucleolus is always present, and frequently 
minute granules of chromatic substance. The uniformly staining char- 
acter of the nucleus is doubtless produced by chromatic substance held 
in solution by the karyoplasm, a condition of common occurrence with 
degenerating nuclei. The larger nucleus (Figs. 24 and 25) takes only a 
slight stain, owing to the scantiness of its chromatic substance, which is 
present in the usual form of isolated granules and an imperfect network. 
By examination of a large number of cells, I found nuclear differentia- 
tion of every degree, beginning with nuclei almost alike in size and 
stainability (Fig. 24), then passing to examples of marked dissimilarity 
(Fig. 25), where the pale nucleus has become almost invisible, and the 
smaller deeply staining one has attained a very sharp, definite outline. 
As the pale nucleus becomes more and more shadowy, its shape becomes 
irregular. Near cells of this sort others can be found which contain only 
a single deeply staining nucleus (Fig. 26), the other having disappeared 
altogether. In case of trinucleate cells, I have invariably found two of 
them to be of the pale sort. 
I am unable to offer any other explanation of these changes than that 
they are the result of degeneration or of decreased activity of the tissue, 
