BRANNER: THE STONE REEFS OF BRAZIL. 59 
and Favia grow sparingly, and 
crabs, sea-urchins, and small 
fishes are abundant. The 
quieter waters on the landward 
side of the reef contain great 
patches of brown polyps and 
some small heads of Porites. 
The outer or seaward side of 
the reef is covered with polyps, 
corallines and other Algae. 
The Rio Doce stone reef. — 
The Rio Doce is a small stream 
entering the sea 7.4 kilometres 
north of the Olinda lighthouse. 
From Olinda northward the Ter- 
tiary hills swing inland, and, 
keeping more or less parallel 
with the coast, approach the sea 
again only on the north side of 
Rio Maria Farinha. 
From one of the valleys cut 
across this Tertiary plateau and A 
across the intervening flat coun- dla 
try flows the Rio Doce. Along 
the beach both north and south 
of the rivers mouth is a long 
narrow bank of loose sand from 
two to four metres high. Be- 
hind this bank the land is lower 
and flat, while near the river 
it is covered with mangrove 
swamps. 
C.E.GILMAN. 
Beginning one kilometre south 
of the mouth of this river is a 
1 The hydrographic chart is at 
fault here in not showing the hills 
at Maria Farinha just north of the 
river, Besides, there are no such 
railways as those shown on chart 
1503 running from Goyanna nearly 
to Olinda, Fie. 30. 
ATLANTIC OCEAN 
MPIC 
