THE PELAGIC FAUNA AND FLORA. 201 
carefully explored with the tow-net, to see what pelagic animals 
might be found there; they were Calanus, Sagitta, annelid lar- 
vie, hydroid meduse, Squillze embryos, Salpz, and a few radiola- 
rians. The cylinder, filled with water which had been strained 
through fine muslin, was then fastened to the dredging wire, 
and lowered, so as to collect the animals between five and fifty 
fathoms. The time taken by the cylinder in passing through 
that space was twenty-eight seconds. It was then drawn up, 
and the sieves and gauze trap washed with water, which had also 
previously been strained through fine muslin. The water was 
carefully examined; it contained the very same things which 
had a short time before been brought together with the tow-net 
and the scoop-net : nothing different was obtained by the cylin- 
der. The radiolarians (two genera) were perhaps more numer- 
ous. A slight breeze having sprung up after the surface collec- 
tions had been examined, the cylinder was operated a second 
time at this same station, adjusted for a depth of fifty to a hun- 
dred fathoms. Not only in this experiment, but in all the sub- 
sequent ones, the same precautions were taken in regard to 
straining the water which filled the cylinder at the start, as well 
as that used for washing out the sieve and the gauze trap. 
The messenger sent to detach and open the machine occupied 
twenty-one seconds in reaching the fifty-fathom point to which 
the cylinder was attached, and the eylinder thirty seconds in 
passing to the stop at one hundred fathoms. On examining the 
sieves, the more common surface forms, Calanus, Sagitta, anne- 
lid larvze, hydroid medusæ, and Squille embryos, were wanting, 
and only two radiolarians of the same species as those from 
the upper levels were found. Nothing additional was brought 
up. The cylinder was lowered a third time to a depth of one 
hundred fathoms, the messenger oceupied 45" to open it, and 
the cylinder travelled from a hundred to a hundred and fifty 
fathoms (time 45^), so as to gather the animal life to be obtained 
between these limits. On drawing up the eylinder and wash- 
ing out the sieve of the trap, not only did we find that the 
water contained nothing different from what had been brought 
together by the cylinder from the lesser depth, but it did not 
include even a single radiolarian. 
