78 BULLETIN OF THE 
in which the heavy asterisks represent the budding tips of the stock, 
which give rise to new individuals (tips of the stolons), and a, ß,, etc. 
indicate individuals of the fourth order. The lighter asterisks indicate, 
as before, points of proliferation from which new buds may arise. 
It seems highly probable that Victorella finds near allies in Mimosella 
and other genera of the Stolonifera, 
In Hypophorella expansa, according to Ehlers (’76, pp. 5-9) and 
Joyeux-Laffuie (’88, pp. 137-139), the stolon is composed (as in Vic- 
torella), of a number of internodes, each separated from the other by 
communication plates, and bearing on the distal end typically a feeding 
zoöid (Nährthier) and a lateral stolon. It seems to me that the jointed 
condition of the stolon is reasonably accounted for in the same way as 
that of Victorella, by supposing that each internode, together with its 
zocecium, is comparable with the whole indvidual of Paludicella. The 
“feeding zodids” of Hypophorella will then be comparable with the 
Cylinderzelle of Victorella. Two facts are opposed to this view : first, 
the polypide is not formed primarily in the stolon, coming only secon- 
darily to lie in the Cylinderzelle as in Victorella ; and, secondly, there is a 
Rosettenplatte in Hypophorella between the feeding zoöid and the stolon, 
while none exists in Victorella. But upon this assumption one can best 
account for the fact that the stolon is composed of as many joints as 
there are feeding zoöids, —a condition which appears to occur in only a 
few other genera, and these closely allied to Victorella. Thus, in Cylin- 
dreecium pusillum and C. dilatatum of Hincks we have two species which 
may be considered to represent two possible intermediate stages between 
Victorella and Hypophorella, not only on account of the jointed stolon, 
but also on account of the enlarged distal end of the joint, which is emi- 
nently characteristic of the allies of Victorella. The first objection, that 
the polypide is not developed in the stolon, but first arises in the well 
formed zocecium of the feeding zoöid, might result from the increased 
importance of the zocecium over the Cylinderzelle. The formation of the 
plate between the zomwcium and the stolon might be accounted for by 
the physiological need of such an organ resulting from the increased im- 
portance of the zocecium, (cf. p. 40). Such plates exist, in fact, between 
the primary median individuals, and those secondary median ones in 
Victorella which are budded from the Cylinderzelle. This hypothesis 
far as they go, may not fit the conditions in all parts of the colony. Moreover, it 
is to a certain degree idealized, i. e. subjective, for even in the figure of Kraepelin 
(87, Fig. 75) one of the individuals of the series a, b, c, etc. has given rise to no 
stolon as its first bud. 
