DERIVED FROM ANATOMY, HISTORY, AND THE MONUMENTS. tif 
shaved, and two are entirely denuded. In those which retain the hair, it is compara- 
tively coarse, and in one instance somewhat wiry. The hair of the solitary Negro head 
possesses the characteristic texture. 
I find a short beard (perhaps half an inch in length,) on three Theban heads of the 
Caucasian part of the series. (Plate IV., Fig. 1, Plate VIILI., Fig. 1, and Plate X., Fig. 5.) 
The Egyptians habitually shaved the beard; but on their statues and paintings we fre- 
quently see a eard-case which, as Rosellini remarks, appears to be merely emblematical 
of the male sex and of manhood. 
The Teeth.—Professor Blumenbach, in his Decades Craniorum, long ago pointed out 
what he considered a peculiarity in the conformation of the teeth in some Egyptian 
mummies; namely, that the crowns of the incisors are very large, thick, and cylindrical, 
or obtusely conical, in place of having the characteristic chisel-like form.* I have given 
especial attention to this supposed peculiarity; but although the incisors remain more or 
less perfect in forty-five crania, embracing upwards of two hundred teeth of this class, I 
have not been able to confirm the preceding observation. On the contrary, there does 
not appear to be the smallest deviation from the ordinary form or structure; and I feel 
confident, that the learned and accurate Blumenbach was deceived by the worn condition 
of the crowns of the teeth, obviously resulting from the habitual mastication of hard sub- 
stances. Mr. Lawrence expresses the same opinion, from personal observation: Dr. 
Prichard inclines to a similar view of the case, and remarks, that “the most satisfactory 
method of obtaining information is by inspecting the mummies of children.” Here, again, 
I have been so fortunate as to examine the crania of three children from one year old to 
five years, and five others between the ages of five and ten years. The result is entirely 
confirmatory of the opinion I have already advanced, and also coincides with the obser- 
vations of Mr. Estlin.t 
What the masticated substances were, has not been ascertained; but the teeth of some 
Hindoos, even in early life, are as much worn away as those of the Egyptians. The lat- 
ter, as a general rule, are remarkably free from decay, and in a number of instances 
the whole set remains unbroken. ‘There are various examples in which the teeth appear 
to have been extracted; thus reminding us of the statement of Herodotus, that there 
was a class of physicians whose attention, like that of our modern dentists, was bestowed 
exclusively upon these organs. 
The Nose.—A. review of the preceding Anatomical details, and a glance at the accom- 
panying delineations, will serve to show that the form of the nose in the Caucasian series 
was straight, or slightly aquiline, as in the Hindoo; more prominent, as in the Pelasgic 
tribes; and long, salient, and aquiline, as in the Arabian race, and more especially in the 
Semitic nations of that stock. 
It may be here observed, that the nasal bones have in many instances been more or 
less broken in forcing a passage through the ethmoid bone, for the purpose of removing 
* “ Dentes vegrandes, et incisorum quoque corone crassé cylindrice magis aut obtusé conice, quam scalpriformes,” 
Decas prima, p. 12. See also Trans. Royal Soc. of London, 1794. 
| Prichard, Researches, Vol, II., p- 250. 
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