— 102 — 
The Beer "The water seems to be the same in all of them. On 
journey t° the margin of these springs there is usually a deposit 
of a red-brown oxide of iron, and various limestone 
formations with petrefactions are in the vicinity. The 
bottom of the spring is a soft mud. The water level 
seems to be the same in all of them. They have no 
outlet, although they are obviously in subterranean 
connection with each other, as well as with the Bear 
River, close by. For even in the river itself a num- 
ber of such springs are seen to bubble up, and the 
stones on the shore, that are washed by these little 
fountains, are also coated with a red-brown crust. 
Several of these springs, shaded from the sun, which 
I tested with the thermometer, showed, all of them, 
a temperature of 54° F., while the air in the shade 
stood at 76°. A warm spring, some thousands of 
feet lower down the river, and close by it, deserves 
special mention. The spring issues from a block of 
lime, which it formed itself, in all probability, in the 
course of time. ‘The stream, as thick as an arm, 
spouts out in abrupt pulsations, and runs into the 
river over the rock which is coated with oxide of iron 
and white crystals of salt. With the air at a tem- 
perature of 76° F., this water showed 84°. Its taste 
was like that of the cold springs, only weaker. About 
six feet off are two smaller openings, one of which is 
obstructed, while the other is still open. From the 
latter there issues with puffing noise, also in spurts, 
which are not timed, however, with those of the 
water, a gas mingled with vapor. This gas has a 
