PLATE 9., 
Figure 1.— Contortions In CiAy, WoopsviuueE, N. H. 
This figure illustrates one of the thin contorted zones in the clays. Where the trowel passed 
over the surface in preparing the specimen for the camera, a few trowel marks may be seen which should 
not be confused with the bedding. Whether ice actually came in contact with some of these thin con- 
torted zones it is not possible to determine. By an over-riding of the ice higher up a shearing action 
might be initiated along layers lower down, and in this way these thin contorted zones may have been 
produced. The presence of rock-fragments in a contorted zone would, without doubt, mean ice contact. 
In this case and in some other cases, both in the clays and in the slates, no rock-fragments have been 
found. This does not prove that ice did not actually touch the clay, inasmuch as the clean ice of an 
inverted berg would have no rock material. If the upper contact of the contorted zone is even, with no 
evidence of violence, the contortions observed might have been the result of shearing. 
Figure 2— BanpEep SLATr SHOWING TWO CoNTORTED Zonus, Squanrum Heap, Mass. 
This is a typical view of the banded slate. About five inches above the hammer head, the first 
contorted zone may be seen. About three inches above this zone, another contorted zone may be 
seen with no bands apparent. These thin zones of contortions in the slate are of the same nature as 
similar zones in the clays and must have been produced in the same way or ways. In the clay at Woods- 
ville there are many contorted zones the same as at Squantum in the slate. 
