PO = nenn 
BRANNER: THE STONE REEFS OF BRAZIL. 19 
than real, and as the apparent bedding is associated with the coloring, 
these features of the series may be treated together. Seen from several 
miles at sea, the horizontality of the colors sometimes gives the rocks the 
appearance of having horizontal beds, when in reality the colors cut 
across the beds. At the colored cliffs just south of Rio Camaragibe in 
the State of Alagóas this can be seen fairly well. The bluffs at that 
Place are from seventy-five to one hundred metres high and the upper 
Part is all highly colored. Plate 11 is taken at this locality from a 
Platform of unaltered rocks shown in the foreground that is covered at 
high tide, when the water reaches the face of the steep bluff. These 
beds dip gently toward the right at an angle of from 5° to 8°. Atten- 
tion is directed to a fairly well-defined light-colored band that runs 
along the top of the steeper part of the bank. This band is the lower 
limit of the colored portion of the rocks in these hills, and it can be 
Seen even in the photograph that the line of discoloration is horizontal, 
While the beds have a gentle but decided dip. Above the line of dis- 
Coloration the rocks are colored and mottled soft clays and sands, mixed 
in all sorts of proportions, but whose bedding is more or less difficult 
to trace. These are the rocks we have been in the habit of calling 
: Tertiary. Below the horizontal band they have their bedding perfectly 
defined, and vary from coarse sandstones to fine compact shales, in color 
mostly grays of various shades, and dark brown to almost black. They 
have limy streaks in them here and there, and the shales often have 
а lumpy or concretionary appearance. The unaffected parts of these 
beds are only from five to seven metres above tide, and the top of the 
Unweathered portion retains this elevation regardless of the dip of 
the beds, 
The line separating the colored and the uncolored portions is not a 
clean-cut one. The unaffected beds can be traced upward into and 
across this line; but the change is a very gradual one — it ig only when 
опе stands away from the exposure and tries to trace out the individual 
Strata with the eye that he cannot do it. 
Plate 12 is another view that shows well the bedding of these Cre- 
taceous shales and sandstones at the same place. The lower portion 
of the bluff is washed by the sea at high tide, and up to a height of six 
Metres these beds are dark and light grays. The top of the bluff where 
the plants grow is decomposed and highly colored. The rocks dip: 
away from the observer at an angle of 14°, and just round the corner 
Shown on the left the line of discoloration cuts the tops of the series 
along an approximately horizontal plane, 
