326 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [November 



completely filled with globules of an oily or waxy substance. 

 The stigmas of the ripe fruit are much shrunken {Jig* 2g), The 

 walls of the ovary near the base of the ripe fruit are of six or 

 eight cells in thickness, the cells being generally elongated with 

 the axis of the fruit but not clearly differentiated into layers as 

 in Piper^mediiim, The inner cell-wall of the inner layer becomes 

 irregularly thickened with granular material, as in the case of 

 Peperomia pellucida. About the upper end of the seed the tissue 

 of the carpels becomes thickened to a mass of rather loosely 

 packed, thin-walled parenchyma cells with oil-cells scattered 

 among them. There are no definite vascular bundles above the 

 very base of the fruit, but scattered tracheids occur, especially 

 in the region just below the stigma. The outer cell-walls of the 

 epidermal layer of the ovary are finely granulated. The hairs 

 which occur abundantly on the bracts {^fig. 16) are wanting on 

 the ovary. The nucellus of the ovule arises in a strictly basal 

 position, at about the time the walls of the ovary are closing 

 together above. The single hypodermal archesporial cell is dis- 

 tinguishable somewhat later, and is undivided up to the time 

 when the integunfients appear [fig, 77, arsp) . A tapetal cell and 

 the definitive archesporial cell are formed in the ordinary man- 

 ner [fig. 18), and before the integuments have closed above the 

 nucellus the tapetal cell divides to two or three layers [fig* IQ^ 

 tp), which persist in the ripe seed [figs. 2j, zy, 2g). 



The two integuments arise in the usual way, and nearly simul- 

 taneously, from the base of the nucellus [figs. //, 18^- The 

 outer integument develops far enough to close in above the inner 

 [figs, ig, 22), and becomes two or three cells thick, but only the 

 inner walls of the inner layer ever thicken greatly, and in the 

 mature seed only the inner layer of cells of this integument is 

 distinguishable, the outer layer being crushed against the sur- 

 rounding carpellary tissue. The inner integument closes to a 

 narrow micropyle, the cells of which finally grow over to inter- 

 lock closely from opposite sides [fig. 2j). This integument 

 soon becomes three-layered, or it may become six-layered 

 above, and in the ripe seed the walls of all these layers of cells 

 become thickened and brown to form the principal seed coat. 



