﻿82 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [February 



Raulin's observations, using Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Botry- 

 tls as subjects, and Zn-, Fe-, Co-, and Ni-sulfates, NaFl, LiCl, 

 Na2Si03, cocain, morphin, and amygdalin as stimulants. He 

 also recognized the phenomenon in its true light, as one of 

 stimulation. Ono'^ used almost exclusively the same salts and 

 HgClg in addition, with the same results as Richards. Richter,^ 

 from work with a wide range of concentrations, regards the Zn 

 ion as stimulating the growth of Aspergillus, but the ZnSO 

 molecule as depressing it, and recognizes no acceleration under 

 the influence of Cu. Pulst^ added Mucor to the list of subjects, 

 and Cd and Tl to the list of poisons which stimulate growth if 

 sufficiently dilute. Hattori^ has also found abnormally active 

 growth of fungi in CuSO^ solutions, De Seynes^ describes a 

 strain of Penicillium thriving in it, and Gosio^* reports Mucor, 

 Aspergillus, and another strain of Penicillium thriving in the 

 presence of arsenic. Similar observations to Gosio*s were made 

 long ago by Preuss^° and Bouchardat." Yasuda" finds that the 

 addition of suitable amounts of alkaloids to the nutrient solu- 



■ 



tions favors the growth of molds, the mode of action, whether 

 as food or stimulant, not being determined. 



Turning to plants other than the fungi, a similar stimulating 



'*Ono,N., Notes on the stimulating effect of certain substances upon the growth of 

 algae and fungi. Bot. Mag. Tokio 14:75-78. 1900. Also, Ueber die Wachs- 

 thumsbeschleunigung einiger Algen und Pilze durch chemische Reize. Jour. Coll. Sc. 

 Imp. Univ. Tokio 13:141-186. 1900. 



5 RiCHTER, A., Zur Frage der chemischen Reizmittel. Centralbl. Bakteriol. 7:41?- 

 429. 1901. 



*PuLST, C, Die Widerstandsfahigkeit einiger Schimmelpilze gegen Metallgifte. 

 Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. 37:205-263. 1902. 



7HATTORI, Studienuber die Einwirkung des Kupfersulfats auf einige Pflanzen. 

 Jour, Coll. Sc. Imp. Univ. Tokio 15 : 371-394. 1901. 



sDe Seynes, J., Resultats de la culture du Penicilluim ctipricitm Trabut. Bull. 

 Soc. Bot. France 42:45i-455> 482-485, 1895. [Bot. Centralbl. 66:157.] 



»Gosio, B., Zur Frage, wodurch die Giftigkeit arsenhaltiger Tapeten bedingt 

 wird. Ber. Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 30: 1024-1026. 1897. 



*°Preuss, Wirkung des Arseniks auf Vegetabilien. Bot, Zeit. 6: 409-412. 1848. 



"BouCHARDAT, Recherches sur la vdg^tation appliqu^es i Pagriculture. Paris, 

 1846. Rev. in Bot. Zeit. 5 185, 102. 1847. 



^^Yasuda, a.. On the effect of alkaloids upon some moulds, Bot. Mag. Tokio 

 15 ■79-83- ^901. 



