TRANSACTIONS 
OF 
THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 
I. Osteological Contributions to the Natural History of the Anthropoid Apes. No. VII. 
Comparison of the Bones of the Limbs of the Troglodytes Gorilla, Troglodytes niger, 
and of different varieties of the Human Race; and on the general characters of the 
Skeleton of the Gorilla. By Professor Owen, F.R.S., F.Z.8. &c. 
Read September 9, 1851. 
[Puates I. to XIII.] 
[The present section of this Paper on the Osteology of the Gorilla is a continuation of the part printed in 
Volume IV. Part IV. p. 113, of the ‘Transactions of the Zoological Society.’ ] 
Bones or THE Upper Limes. 
Scapula.—Plate I. 
THE blade-bone of the Gorilla (figs. 1, 2, 3) is a triangular plate of bone, resembling 
in general form, more than does that of any other animal, the scapula of Man 
(ib. figs. 7 & 8). The chief difference arises from the less unequal division of the dorsal 
or outer surface by the spine (s, a), which begins much nearer the middle of the basal or 
vertebral border (0, s, wu). 
The superspinal tract is concave, with a narrow median convexity extending along its 
middle part ; its basal boundary (0, s) is convex. A short broad groove, leading to the 
canal for the nutrient artery of the bone, is below the superscapular notch (n). The 
infraspinal tract (s, g, u) is concave along the origin of the spine, becomes convex at the 
upper half, and concave at the lower half; the convexity subsides at the broad base of 
the acromion, the concavity extends to the neck of the scapula. The thick rounded 
rising, forming the anterior two-thirds of the lower boundary of this concavity, divides 
VOL. V.—PART I. B 
