THE MALTESE FOSSIL ELEPHANTS. 513) 
but although its enamel is not so thick as that of B series, it is altogether a much 
larger tooth, with a different configuration. 
As to the position of No. 43 A & B (fig. 9) in the dental series, had it not been 
for the posture of the last ridges, the pronounced retroflexion of the central plates 
would naturally indicate the pressure of a succeeding molar ; but considering these facts 
and that all the ridges except the last five are touched by wear, and there are no traces 
of pressure on the posterior talon, I can see no more feasible conclusion to arrive at than 
to consider the above to be a last true molar of an elephant larger than any of the 
owners of the teeth in A or B series, from which it differs in configuration as well as 
dimensions and crown-constituents, although the outline of the disk is much alike in all. 
2. Two beautiful and highly suggestive examples of what must be considered last 
true molars, are represented by the entire specimens Nos. 64 & 59 (Pl. VII. figs. 1& 2 & 2a). 
The former, an upper tooth, shows fourteen ridges, including the pygmy digitated 
posterior talon @, in a space of 7 inches. Attached in front, although not shown in the 
figure, are two plates of the penultimate molar. As the crown is just being invaded, of 
course its pattern is not developed ; the macherides are therefore well crimped, and the 
plates and enamel thick. 
The next, No. 59 (figs. 2 & 2a), is a much arcuated lower molar : the last ridge, although 
rounded and finger-like, rises like the others from the common base to the same level 
as the penultimate. There is a slight flattening on its base internally, but no trace of 
what could be called a pressure-mark. ‘The crown is broad in front, tapering steadily 
posteriorly. The anterior talon is large and semilunar ; and the anterior fang seems to 
support it and the succeeding plate only. Here we have fourteen ridges in 6°5 inches. 
The crown-constituents are precisely the same asin the last. The disks show central 
expansion. with angulations and faint crimping. 
Another pair of upper molars, Nos. 70 & 58 (Pl. VII. figs. 2 & 3), are larger than 
No. 64, but only slightly; and as their posterior ridges were not quite consolidated, 
they have become somewhat displaced and are encased (fig. 2) in a fragment of the 
jaw. This tooth holds, in front, the fragment (a) of a penultimate molar already noticed. 
The figs. 2 & 3 contain each fourteen ridges in 7°3 inches; none of the digitations of 
the four ridges in wear being obliterated, there is of course excessive looping. Their 
crowns are rather narrower as compared with Pl. VII. fig. 1, just as the lower molar 
No. 56 (Pl. VIII. figs, 8 & 8a) compares with the crown of No. 59 (PL-VII? fig: 2), 
The molar, Pl. VIIL fig. 8, is markedly narrow throughout, and held, no doubt, an 
extra ridge, as there are fourteen in the space of 7-4 inches, and clear indications of the 
loss of one or more posteriorly. ‘The last three ridges, however, were broken off and 
reunited; so that there may be a slight excess thereby given to the length. The re- 
markable feature in this molar and the two preceding is that their enamel is not so 
thick as in Pl. VII. figs. 1 & 2; but the difference is not very material. 
This is also evident in a very much worn upper molar, No. 79, where the crown 
VOL. 1X.—ParT I. November, 1874. F 
