THE MALTESE FOSSIL ELEPHANTS. 55 
1. The radial and ulnar distal apophyses (Pl. XIII. figs. 2 & 3) evidently belonged to 
the same individual. I shall describe them as being the smallest bones of the forearm, 
referable to the radius and ulna of the smallest Elephant. Fig. 2, left radial epiphysis, 
shows a deep concavity for the lunare, which‘in turn will be shown to present a corre- 
sponding convexity in contradistinction to more shallow and even surfaces in the largest 
specimens. ‘The Asiatic seems to display the former characters, and the African the 
latter. The projection for the scaphoid, usually prominent in the adult recent and in 
the following larger fossil specimens, is not observed at @ in fig. 2, the surface being 
rounded instead of angular. 
2. With reference to the right ulnar epiphysis (fig. 3), it is seemingly remarkable for 
the concavity and smallness of its cuneiform aspect. The radial facet (a) is 1 by 0-7 
inch in breadth. As compared with recent species, there are no specimens at all equal 
to the small dimensions of the above, with at the same time their epiphysis in any wise 
so matured, which shows fig. 3 to have belonged to a nearly full-grown small Elephant. 
The cartilaginous epiphysis of the young Asiatic (No. 2723, R. C.S.) agrees well as to 
relative dimensions, the height of the latter individual being 4 feet. 
3. Another radial epiphysis, in every respect similar to fig. 2, but somewhat larger, 
displays the pronounced hollow on its lunare aspect to a greater extent. The differences 
in dimensions are noteworthy, the lunare facet in fig. 2 being 2°4 inches by 1:8, whereas 
in the above it is 2°8 by 2 inches—thus indicating 4n individual of the dimensions of 
707 u, Asiatic, in the British Museum, which, I calculate, stood about 5 feet high. 
4. A still larger distal extremity, with a /ess determined lunare convexity and hollow, 
gives an articular aspect of 3 by 2°3 inches. 
Finally, Pl. X. fig. 6 shows the largest specimen, the lunare aspect of which is 3:4 
by 2°8 inches. The angle for the scaphoid (a) is pronounced in this specimen as in the 
two preceding, forming a well-defined border on the inner side, of 1:2 by 0°5 inch. As 
compared with Pl. XIII. fig. 2, the articular aspect is seemingly less hollowed out, with 
a less prominent convexity, which is repeated, as just observed, in the largest lunaria. 
The distal extremity of the Sumatran is somewhat larger than fig. 6, which might 
therefore represent an elephant 6°5 feet in height. 
Besides the distal ulnar epiphysis just referred to, there is the upper fragment of a 
shaft referable to an immature individual, and represented on Pl. X. fig. 9 (half) and 9a 
(natural size). As compared with recent species and the specimens described by Busk 
from Zebbug', it presents a few important characters. The olecranon-spine is sharp in 
the Asiatic; and, as far as the single instance in the British Museum admits, it would seem 
to be more or less rounded in the African; the same obtains in an ulna of LE. antiquus ; 
in fig. 9 it is very sharp. Again, from the undulating contour of the head of the radius, 
the radial sulcus is seemingly wider in the African than in the Asiatic; and this explains 
the larger outer condyle in the Asiatic; moreover the concave external side of the 
’ Trans. Zool. Soc. vi. p. 245 & 260, plate 48. figs. 24 & 25, plate 49. fig. 28. 
