THE MALTESE FOSSIL ELEPHANTS. 63 
as to length, has much smaller articular surfaces ; and therefore the former, belonging to 
an adult, would represent a somewhat small elephant, which the largest Maltese form 
was unquestionably ; indeed I doubt much if it exceeded 7 feet in height, at least as 
far as the data I have collected indicate. 
Young and Immature Tibie. 
Of these my collection presents four specimens, besides a very perfect left tibia 
from Zebbug, presented to me by the owner of the property in which the cave was 
discovered. ‘The specimens vary considerably in dimensions, and evidently not only 
represent different stages of growth, but also distinct forms. 
A Series.—The two shown in Pl. XXI. figs. 13 & 14, as before noted, were found 
close together in Benghisa Gap, under a large flat block of sandstone, and impacted 
among red soil with the associated remains shown in Pl. XXI. from fig. 1 to fig. 15 in- 
clusive, all of which clearly evince that the exuvie of no less than three distinct indi- 
viduals were huddled together in a small space not over 2 feet square. 
The Zebbug and larger Benghisa specimens (P]. XXI. fig. 14), the smaller (fig. 13) 
being much eroded externally, agree in every respect, excepting that the former is 
much larger; both evidently belong to young individuals. 
1. They agree with old bones just described in having a deep concavity posteriorly 
below the upper epiphyses (PI. X XI. fig. 14) with the outer and inner ridges well shown ; 
but whilst the internal is traceable to the inner malleolus, the outer is lost near the 
middle of the shaft, making the lower and external portion of the latter rounded. 
2. There is a distinct flattening on the inner side of the head in all the specimens; 
but the outer side in these two is also much flatter than in the old bones and in the two 
next to be considered. As to the outlines of the epiphysial aspects (fig. 14a), I refrain 
from expressing any thing like a decided opinion, further than that the upper seem to 
me to have somewhat broader surfaces for the external condyles than obtains in the two 
other young bones; at the same time it would seem that the outer is relatively broad 
also in the adult, as seen in Pl. XV. fig. 3. Should this be the case, the above would be 
like the African, and the following like the Asiatic. 
B Series.—The two next young bones are unfortunately imperfect, there being only 
the head and a portion of the shaft. But although the one is nearly twice as large 
as the other, they agree in characters which are distinctly different from the two just 
described. 
1. The pronounced point in their diagnosis is the broad shallow hollow posteriorly 
below the head. 
2. The ridges, although distinct, are not prominent as in the above and the old 
bones. 
3. The external ridge terminates just below the concavity, whilst the internal would 
appear to be continued further down, probably to the ankle. 
