THE MALTESE FOSSIL ELEPHANTS. - if 
enough to enable me to decide as to its position in the series, further than by com- 
parison with tooth and jaw No. 91 (Pl. II. fig. 2). It is clear that the former belonged 
to a larger animal; nor, as will appear in the sequel, is the broad crown in keeping 
with the last milk-teeth attributed to the smallest form; but I find that the largest 
penultimate milk-molar (PL I. fig. 14) gives the same number of ridges in a like space, 
more especially when taken close to its enamel reflections posteriorly, which is the 
horizon displayed in fig. 12. It might therefore have represented the penultimate 
tooth of the largest form, nearly worn out, and the last of the milk-series coming into 
wear. Reference will be made to the jaw itself when I come to consider the cranium. 
5. The-Fourth or Last Milk-molar—lirst True Molar. 
I shall now refer to several large and interesting series of molars, all of which are 
in the British Museum. They comprehend teeth differing widely in size and characters ; 
but in consequence of possessing the same ridge-formula, and having been more or less 
intimately associated in the same deposits, it appears necessary that they should be 
brought together, so that their distinctions may be more easily compared. The ridge- 
formulas in the following vary between ten and eleven ridges, or eight or nine plates 
and two talons; in one instance there are twelve ridges in a lower molar, where, how- 
ever, an extra ridge (or even two) is not uncommon in all known species of the genus. 
A Series—The small upper molar, No. 45, here shown, and its upper aspect in 
Last Upper Milk-molar. Nat. size. 
Pl. I. fig. 11, is unfortunately not quite entire, having lost in all probability two, if not 
three, of its posterior ridges, leaving eight ridges in a space of 1°8 inch. The pressure- 
scar is roughly shown on the enamel of the anterior talon, but not distinctly. It is, 
however, clearly defined on the front of the fragment No. 16, which, in all points, is of 
the same type. Here the scar is 0-4 by 0:5 inch. Now it is important, with reference 
to the position of these teeth in the dental series, to consider how far there is evidence 
to give them a claim to the position of a last milk-tooth. This is probably proved, 
not only by dimensions, as compared with the preceding, but from the circumstance of 
VoL. 1x.—pParTI. November, 1874. D 
