114 MR. A. L. ADAMS ON THE OSTEOLOGY OF 
than usually obtains in the recent species with articulating surfaces of the same dimen- 
sions. The same is distinctly shown in the other long bones. Thus Pl. XV. fig. 1 is 
referable to a full-grown individual; and whilst considerably shorter than the tibia 
of the Sumatran Elephant in the British Museum, its condyloid and astragaloid 
aspects are rather larger. In characters it resembles the African, and in fact belongs 
to the owner of femur Pl. XIV. figs. 1 & 2, just referred to as that of the largest form. 
10. The Fibula! represents the extremities of individuals equal to the largest, inter- 
mediate, and smallest forms, the two former claiming apparent distinctions in relation 
to the contour of their distal extremities, whilst a very smail entire bone is only 8-6 inches 
in length. The young and immature tibie furnish also distinctions which, in the 
absence of further specimens of the adult condition, need not be discussed. 
11. The Foot-bones, considered individually and collectively, maintain all the differ- 
ences already recorded as to the dimensions of individuals, even to a much greater 
extent; in fact there is a regular gradation in certain instances from the largest to the 
smallest. The chief characters of the bones may be thus briefly summed up. Of the 
carpus, the scaphoid’ shows two series referable to a large and small animal, with points 
apparently distinctive, the larger partaking of the African outline, and the smaller 
simulating the Asiatic. The lunare® represents three forms, the most remarkable as 
regards dimensions being the very small specimen belonging to a foot found i situ’. 
It would seem that the African character pervades the largest, whilst the intermediate 
and smallest forms have an Asiatic facies. 
The pisiforme shows two old bones referable to the largest and intermediate forms, 
with outlines similar and like the same in the African Elephant. The cuneiforms are 
suggestive, the largest having much of the contour of the Asiatic, whilst the intermediate 
and a pygmy bone have the broad ulnar aspects of the African °. 
The magnum repeats the dimensions of large and small individuals, showing, 
however, in all, this one peculiarity as compared with other elephants—to wit, in being 
narrower bones. 
The unciforme also displays three sizes", with slight differences, chiefly in the relatively 
greater breadth of the cuneiform-aspect of the intermediate form. 
12. With reference to the Tarsus, the astragalus furnishes three forms, differing in 
characters, especially the two larger, as well as in dimensions®. The calcaneum 
represents two forms’, differing in characters, but not much in size; indeed one might 
represent a small individual of the largest, and the other a full-grown Elephant about 
the height assumed by Falconer and Busk for the Elephas melitensis. The other bones 
of the tarsus indicate the presence of the large and intermediate forms ”. 
1 Pl. XY. figs. 4 & 8. * Pl. XVII. fig. 10, and woodcut, p. 67. 
* Pl. XVIII. figs. 1 & 4. * Pl. XXT. fig. 1. ° Pl. XVIII. figs. 3 & 6. 
* In Pl. XVIII. compare figs. 2 & 5 with figs. 9 & 8. ” Pl. XVI. figs. 12 & 9, and Pl. XXI. fig. 2. 
8 
Pl. XVI. figs, 1 & 3, and Pl. X. fig. 10. * Pl, XVI. figs. 4 & 5. © See Pl. XVII. 
