INHABITING THE PHILIPPINE ARCHIPELAGO. 131 
species classed under the general term of Philippine in the table are nearly all, if not 
all, inhabitants of Luzon, the total number of species known to inhabit that island will 
be 190. The number of species known to inhabit the remaining islands is given at the 
bottom of their respective columns, the incompleteness of our knowledge with regard 
to them being illustrated by the small total of 19 representing the number of authentic 
species in the large and important island of Mindanao, and also by the entire and 
enforced omission of many other large islands. Of Mindanao, with an estimated area 
of 36,000 square miles, the few species we know come from the immediate neighbour- 
hood of Zamboanga. Of Luzon, the whole of the island north of Manilla has yet to be 
explored. The islands of Palawan, Mindoro, Samar, Leyte, Masbale, Bohol, the 
Calamines, and the multitude of smaller islands are almost absolutely unknown. 
As might be anticipated from analogy with other isolated areas, some of the Philip- 
pine islands, although only separated by narrow seas, possess species peculiar to them- 
selves. Although well defined, these are strictly representative forms. Those that are 
known are given below; and doubtless many more cases of representation will be 
discovered when the islands have been more thoroughly explored. 
TasiE III.—Showing the Representative Forms which are known to inhabit 
the Philippines only. 
Luzon. Panay. Negros. Zebu. Mindanao, 
eal a 
Loriculus philippensis .......... * 
TELE), Gi scno Dp COR oie oe ag * 
LIGETI? tcl) cholo chee Eee te vs a os | * 
CHEYSONOTIAI Ye, ainjatere sieleleVelorsie | oe an “He * 
GORIPIL ALIS toys ain stfu). Sater bs a Se ae * 
Chrysocolaptes hematribon ...... * 
xanthocephalus............ in a * | 
Actenoides hombroni ............ ae = ae | = * 
HVA GAYA to sc toe) <, ars'ja)s mapofepss * 
Penelopides manilla ............ * 
JUSTO No 3.0 08 3 GOCE 3 # 
Dicrurus balicassius ............ * : | 
MUA IIS eek ocetls ey s¥s\'nv) 0. =: iiyesishe’ acs a 2 * 
Only one species is common to a Philippine island and to any one other non-Philip- 
pine island—namely Xantholema rosea, which is restricted to the islands of Negros and 
of Java. X. hemacephala, the common Luzon Barbet, which ranges all over India and 
is found in Sumatra and the Malay peninsula, does not seem to occur in Negros, where 
X. rosea appears to represent it, as it also does in Java. ; 
It is also a remarkable fact that the only Philippine representative of the highly 
characteristic Indian family of the Pericrocotide is the abnormal and only migratory 
member of the group, P. cinereus. 
