226 VISCOUNT WALDEN ON THE BIRDS 
Gmelin appears to have overlooked Sonnerat’s description and plate. Latham (Ind. 
Orn. ii. p. 659, no. 4) identified Sonnerat’s species with Otis arabs, Linn., but subse- 
quently (Gen. Hist. /.c.) treated it as a separate variety of that species. Vieillot (N. 
Dict. xxiv. p. 294) adopted Latham’s original view, but later (/. ¢.) regarded Sonnerat’s 
Bustard as a distinct Philippine species, and gave it the title above cited. Temminck 
was the first to point out (Recueil d’Ois. 90° livr.) that Sonnerat’s Paon sauvage 
belonged to a species distinct from Otis arabs; and on the subsequent discovery of 
Otis kori by Burchell, Temminck at once (/.¢.) identified it with Sonnerat’s species, 
Riippell (tom. cit. p. 218) having in the mean time united Sonnerat’s Bustard to the 
Indian Otis nigriceps. Professor Schlegel and the majority of recent authors have 
adopted Temminck’s view. Dr. vy. Martens, however (J. ¢.), classes Sonnerat’s bird as a 
Plover, and remarks, ‘‘ Diesen Kibitz finde ich nirgends citirt.” 
GRALL. 
CHARADRIID#. 
CHARADRIIN&. 
Cuaraprivs, Linnus. 
159. CHARADRIUS FULVUS. 
Fulvous Plover, Lath. Gen. Synop. ui. p. 211, no. 17, “ Otaheite.” 
Charadrius fulvus, Gm. 8. N.1. p. 687, no. 18 (1788), ex Latham; Finsch & Hartl. Orn. Centr.-Polyn. 
p. 188; Sharpe & Dresser, Birds of Europe, pt. ix. pl. —; Walden & Layard, Ibis, 1872, p. 105. 
Charadrius pluvialis, Linn., ap. v. Kittlitz, Liitke, Voy. (Postel), iii. p. 327, “ Manilla.” 
Charadrius longipes, Temm., vy. Martens, J. f. O. 1866, p. 27, no. 147, “ Luzon.” 
Hab. Luzon, February; %, bill black, legs bluish grey (Meyer); Negros (L. C. 
Layard). 
In winter plumage. 
SQuaTAROLA, Cuvier. 
160. SQuaTAROLA HELVETICA. 
Vanellus helveticus, Briss. Orn. y. p. 106, no. 4, “ Helvetia.” 
Tringa subtridactyla, Hasselquist, Iter Palzstinum, p. 397, no. 28 (1757); Reise nach Palistina (Gade- 
busch, German tr.), p. 307, no, 28 (1762). 
Charadrius helveticus, Linn. 8. N. i. p. 250, no, 12 (1766), ex Brisson; Walden & Layard, Ibis, 
1872, p. 105. 
Hab. Cujo, December (Meyer) ; Negros, March (L. C. Layard). 
In winter plumage. 
