340 PROF. W. K. PARKER ON AGITHOGNATHOUS BIRDS. 
The turbinals within this lamina, which is curiously dentate, are well ossified, as also 
are the true inferior turbinals (fig. 3, 7. ¢)—but not the ale nasi themselves (fig. 4, al. n); 
these are the only soft part of the labyrinth. The rest of the labyrinth is very instruc- 
tive; the ecto-ethmoid (e.eth) appears well above as an egg-shaped mass of bone, and 
it projects outwardly so as to reduce the lacrymal (fig. 4, 7) to a small point of bone. 
The perpendicular plate, or meso-ethmoid, ends free behind the orbito-sphenoid, forming 
a postorbita] band, with a rudimentary presphenoid depending free. Thus the inter- 
orbital fenestra (i.0.f) is very large, and the separateness of the trabecular keel (fig. 4) 
considerable. 
Laterally, the pars plana (p. p) returns inwards, and then appears to swell into an 
elegant egg-shaped mass of bone, which lies on the jugum (7). This bony egg (figs. 2-4, 
o. u), however, is separate, and belongs to the trabecular arch ; it is the ‘os uncinatum,” 
or “‘ palate- trabecular conjugational” element. 
The vomer (figs. 2 & 3, v) is very elegant, and is fashioned like a Salisburia leaf, 
spreading out, radiating its fibrous structure, and breaking into lobes, by notches that 
lie in the line of these fibres. The two principal notches are near the side; they half 
cut off the septo-maxillaries (s.mz). 
Within, the vomer and the maxillo-palatines (ma.p) have been ankylosed to the 
inturned alinasal floor (7. a./); behind, the twin stalks of the vomer run insensibly into 
the upper palatine lamina, the ethmo-palatine (e.pa). 
These parts of the palatines are of moderate size. The interpalatine spurs are roughly 
pointed, like rusty nails, and they run into a ridge which becomes the postpalatine 
keel (pt.pa) ; it is pared away or bevelled, as in Gymnorhina and Corvus, and not sharp- 
angled, as in Trichastoma and Thamnophilus. 
The bridge extending from this inner edge to the thick transpalatine portion is 
oblique, deep, and large; and thus the ear-shaped transpalatine snags (¢.pa) are diver- 
gent. These subrotund lobes are flatter and more solid than those of Enodes (Pl. LVIII. 
figs. 7 & 8); they are not sharp spikes as in the Wood-Swallow and Dicrurus (Pl. LVIII. 
figs. 1 & 5). The whole fore beak (Pl. LXII. figs. 2-4) is very solid bone, riddled be- 
hind, at the sides, with large holes for the air-cells. Here are given off the characteristic 
maxillo-palatine processes (ma.p); they are like pruning-knives, are slightly bilobate at 
their end, and are not unlike those of Artamus (Pl. LVIII. figs. 1 & 2), being, as in 
that type, greatly enlarged by fusion with the intensely ossified nasal floor (7. a. 1). This 
borrowed substance makes them look, in both these cases, larger than they are in reality. 
The same thing is seen in Gymnorhina (Pl. LX. figs. 5 & 6). 
The continuously bony jugal is sinuous and moderately strong ; it is but little incurved 
behind. This bird has the singing-muscles large and finely developed. It lived in the 
Gardens of the Society for some time, was dissected by me, and then put into the hands 
of Professor Flower for the Museum of the College of Surgeons. 
I may remark that its digestive organs seemed somewhat aberrant: I only found one 
cecum coli; and that was very small. 
