PROF. W. K. PARKER ON &GITHOGNATHOUS BIRDS. 348 
the recurrent lamine and the alinasal turbinals in these two types, the “ Turnico- 
morph” and the “ Coracomorphe.” Moreover in Zurnia these recurrent folds are of 
immense size; they are, as it were, the uptilted floor of the nose slit up from the walt, 
nearly as far as to the fore end of the long, linear, valvular nostril. 
A far simpler form of nasal labyrinth may be taken as the common prototype of both 
these, namely that of the common Snake (Natrix torquata). 
My unpublished figures of the morphology of this type show that the aliethmoid, 
aliseptal, and alinasal outgrowths of the short and‘simple ethmo-septal plate are all one 
common roof-scale of cartilage. 
Where this scale ends in front, it sends backwards, or passes into, on each side, a 
large outcurved spatula of cartilage—the recurrent alinasal lamina or “ cornu trabe- 
cule,” which is jammed in, with the nasal gland, between the applied edges of the septo- 
maxillary and the vomer of the same side. These two ribbons of cartilage have the 
same relative size as in the Hemipod, and generally coalesce with an upper labial, the 
counterpart of the “ vomerine cartilage ” of the Hemipod. 
Now both the harmony‘and the disagreement of the Bell-bird and the Hemipod will 
be understood; the former is a true “ Coracomorph,” and yet has a certain turnicine 
strain in it. 
The ala nasi (Pl. LXII. fig. 7, a7.) is a long oval scale ; and the nostril is a low arched 
doorway: altogether this has a turnicine appearance. Part of the alinasal turbinal is 
seen in the narial opening; from below (figs. 5 & 8, a.tb) they are seen to be large flaps, 
bent on themselves, and underlain behind by a narrow, inturned cartilage (7. a. /). 
As seen in figs. 5, 6, & 8, the alinasal and its turbinal end are cartilaginous horns to the 
large vomer (v), which grows into the cartilage for some distance. At the shoulders 
of this bone there is no appearance of a septo-maxillary; but a little in front there is a 
small suboval patch—a piece, as it were, of the fore part of the Ophidian bone. On 
the right side (fig. 6) it is ankylosed to the maxillo-palatine (ma.p) ; and on the left it is 
merely grafted on the nasal wall. These ossicles vary greatly ; but the thing of interest 
here is the huge size of the recurrent lamine (fig. 8, 7c. ¢). These are long flaps, gra- 
dually decreasing in size backwards, and reaching close to the vomer, which has used 
up the lobes of cartilage that form the spatulate end of these long lamin in the 
Snake. Here we have not the structure of the Hemipod exactly repeated, but a case 
of parallelism with it, as these bands are far larger than those spoken of as existing in 
Vireosylvia. 
These laminz adhere closely to the septum in their front half, and then are free for 
the remainder of their length; the larger and smaller trabecular splints (figs. 8 & 9, t7’,' 
tr’) are formed in the fibrous interspace between these ribbons of cartilage. Our native 
Wren (Troglodytes vulgaris) rivals the Hemipod in its vomerine cartilages, and the Bell- 
bird in its recurrent laminz. ‘The disjecta membra of the Snake’s septo-maxillary turn 
up everywhere in the tracts that are symmorphic with the membrane in which it is 
