[ 447 ] 
X. On the Avifauna of the Galapagos Archipelago. 
By Ospert Savin, IA., F.RS., &e. 
Read April 6th, 1875. 
[Puates LXXXIV. to LXXXIX.] 
ConTEnrs. 
I. Introductory remarks: situation, number, and birds of other countries—(a) as to species, (6) 
size of the different islands of the archipelago ; as to genera, and (c) as to families .. page 463 
geological formation ; climate &c. ; date of their | IV. Summary of the birds found in each island 466 
discovery ; attempts at colonization ; subsequent Y. On the variation of the species in certain genera 
* intercourse with the mainland, and its effect on and the consequent difficulty in defining specific 
the indigenous avifauna; Dr. Habel’s account URES ea sto pene aGOr he Gear ap aa 469 
PUES VASES,» fh. sj eye-sueyartyevate eh aese e's page 447 | VI. Account of each species, with references, descrip- 
Il. Short account of the literature relating to the tion of peculiar species, their distribution, habits, 
birds of the Galapagos........./...... 461 and general remarks ........0.s000%% 471 
III. List of the species of birds found in the archi- | VII. Concluding remarks .................. 509 
pelago, and remarks on their relationship to the 
I. Iytropuctory RemMarRKSs. 
IN the volume of the Society's ‘ Proceedings’ for 1870 Mr. Sclater and I published a 
brief summary of an important collection of birds made by Dr. Habel in the Galapagos 
Islands’. The object of the present memoir is to give the particulars of that collection 
in greater detail, to incorporate the notes on the habits and other peculiarities of the 
birds drawn up by Dr. Habel himself, and to treat generally of the avifauna of this 
singular group of islands. 
To make my paper more complete I have added a short account of the history, 
structure, and physical features of the islands with regard to their bearing on the 
indigenous products. ‘This account is drawn from the writings of various travellers ; 
and to it I have added an account of his visit, furnished by Dr. Habel himself. 
The Galapagos archipelago (Pl. LXX XIV.) comprises a group of fifteen islands, 
together with a number of outlying rocks, which, situated under the equator, and, 
extending a degree and a half on either side of it, cover about three degrees of longi- 
tude (from 89° to 92° W. of Greenwich). They are about 600 miles to the westward 
of the coast of South America, and belong to the Republic of Ecuador. 
One island, Albemarle’, is considerably larger than the rest ; four others, Narborough, 
1 Pp. Z.8. 1870, pp. 322-327. 
2 Nomenclature of the Islands.—The names I have used throughout this paper are derived from the Admiralty 
chart (No.1375), compiled from the surveys of Captain Fitz-Roy and the officers of H.M.S. ‘ Beagle,’ It may, 
VOL. IX.—ParT 1x. May, 1876. 3P 
