18 



on the hind). In the Vulgate the word Shaphnn 

 is variously translated " choerogryllus," " erina- 

 ceus" (hedgehog), "cuniculus" (coney), " ]epus- 

 culus (little hare). The Jews are not allowed to 

 eat the Shaphan. " And the Shaphan, because 

 he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof, he 

 is unclean to you." — Levit. xi., 5, repeated in 

 Deut. xiv, 7. " The high hills are a refuge for 

 the wild goats and the rocks for the Shaphan." — 

 Ps. civ., 18. The cunning of the Shaphan is 

 alluded to by Agur, the son of Jakeh, as 

 follows: — "there be four things which are 

 little upon the earth, but they are ex- 

 ceeding wise. The Shaphan are a feeble folk, 

 yet make they their houses in the rocks." 

 Prov. xxx., 24, 26. The other cunning animals 

 named by Agur are the Ant, the Locust, and the 

 Spider. The molar teeth of the Klip)das resemble 

 those of the PJiinoceros ; there are two strong 

 incisors, without recurved roots, in the upper jaw 

 and two canines in youth ; and there are four 

 incisors in the lower jaw, two of which are 

 prominent and horizontal ; the body is covered 

 with thick hair, with hedgehog bristles here 

 and there ; the tail is represented by a little 

 tubercle ; and there are six teats, two pectoral, 

 and four ventral. Bruce says that in Abyssinia 

 they live in airy caverns and holes in the rocks ; 

 that they are gregarious, and that frequently 

 several dozen of them sit upon large stones at 

 the entrance of their oaves, warming themselves 

 in the sun, and coining out to enjoy the freshness 



