1886. | ON THE CHARACTERS OF RHINOCEROS SIMUS. 143 
Affinities.—Linophryne lucifer belongs to the family: Ceratiida, 
and resembles Melanocetus johnsonii, Giinth. (Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, 
p- 301) in several particulars, viz. that only one single spine in the 
first dorsal is developed (the nasal tentacle), in the enormous mouth, 
the almost square head, as well as in its small size, its black and 
smooth skin, and pendent abdominal cavity, besides in its having 
2 pairs of gills and unarmed branchial arches; but it differs from this 
species by the formation of its teeth, the oblique mouth, its 
rudimentary gill-openings, its short and thick nasal tentacle, in 
the number of its fin-rays, the spiny armature of its head, and its 
comparatively well-developed eye. 
Tt differs from all the Ceratiide in its having a long guttural 
tentacle, also in the low number of rays in its second dorsal and 
anal fins. 
Locality.—A single specimen, with a total length of 49 millim., 
was caught by Capt. P. Andresen in May 1877 floating in the sea 
(about 36° north latitude, 20° west longitude) 3° N.W. of Madeira, 
and was presented to the Museum of the Christiania University. 
During several years it remained unnoticed in the private house of 
the late Director of the Museum, Prof. Esmark, but after his death 
it was returned to the Museum (December 1885). 
Mr. Andresen, who is now residing in Christiania, reports to me 
that on the day mentioned he was on a voyage to the West Indies. 
He was capturing turtle in his boat; there was a heavy sweil, but 
the water was smooth. After a time he caught sight of this little 
black fish, which lay on the surface quite alive, but almost motion- 
less, which was not surprising when it was discovered that it had 
just swallowed a fish longer than itself. It did not lie on its side, 
but was apparently unable to swim away. By getting the bailer 
under it, he lifted it out with ease, and in order to keep it fresh he 
gave up his search for turtle and rowed back to the ship, where it 
was placed in spirit for preservation. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XV. 
Fig. 1. Full view of Linophryne lucifer, 2. 
2. Front view of head, showing open mouth. 
3. Guttural tentacle, }. 
2. Note on the External Characters of Rhinoceros simus. 
By P. L. Scuarer, M.A., F.R.S., Secretary to the 
Society. 
[Received February 24, 1886.] 
(Plate XVI.) 
The heads of the two African Rhinoceroses exhibited by Mr. E. 
Gerrard, Jun., at the last meeting of the Society, and again placed 
on the table this night by Mr. Gerrard’s kind permission, have 
