218 MR. A. S. WOODWARD ON THE MANDIBULAR [Apr. 20, 
I was fortunate enough to bring home living examples of both 
these species, which are now deposited in the Zoological Gardens at 
Berlin. The specimen of Sus papuensis was obtained in the month of 
May, on the north coast of New Guinea, near the place noted on the 
charts “ Passir Point,” a point, however, which does not really exist ; 
it was then striped, but has now changed to the coloration of the 
adult animal. The Black Pig (Sus niger) I purchased at Hihiaura, a 
village some miles east of Bentley Bay; it was then very young 
(perhaps six weeks old), and of a uniform black colour, which it 
still retains. 
Sus niger is scarcer than Sus papuensis, but lives in the same 
localities ; it is of a more slender figure, higher on its legs and has 
a much longer head. It grows to a considerable size, and I have 
seen very huge animals of this species. 
I have observed Sus niger in a domesticated or semidomesticated 
state everywhere I have been in New Guinea along the south-east 
coast, and on the north-east coast from Milne Bay to Humboldt Bay, 
but always less common than Sus papuensis. The natives catch the 
young ones and feed them; they are pets of the women and often 
nursed at their breasts, and get very tame. This is the reason why 
it is so difficult to get them. I have seen some very large specimens 
in Hood-Bay district (village Kerapuno). Along the north-east 
coast I saw this species in all the native villages, especially in Chads 
Bay, in Village Island west of Fortification Point, in Astrolabe 
Bay, and in Humboldt Bay. It may be mentioned that along this 
coast I never saw any imported domestic pigs, but such pigs have 
been introduced into the Port-Moresby district and other piaces 
where missionaries have been sent. 
The only specimen of Sus niger in a Museum that I know of is a 
young one in the Museum of the Hon. William MacLeay of Sydney. 
3. On the Relations of the Mandibular and Byoid Arches 
in a Cretaceous Shark (Hybodus dubrisiensis, Mackie). 
By A. Smita Woopwarp, F’.G.S., of the British Museum 
(Natural History). (Communicated by the Secretary.) 
[Received March 23, 1886.] 
(Plate XX.) 
Exactly as in all other divisions of the Animal Kingdom, the rapid 
accumulation of morphological facts regarding the Selachian order 
is providing a sure basis for distinguishing the more archaic from 
the decidedly modern types. There can be no longer any doubt, 
for example, that among living Selachians the most primitive and 
ancient ferms are the Notidanide, the Cestraciontide, and the 
Chlamydoselachidee. And of all the characters by which these 
groups are definitely marked off from the remaining members of the 
Order, none are of greater interest and importance than those relating 
