THE GREENLAND WHALE. 421 
The brain of the Whale is comparatively small; one of a specimen measuring nineteen 
feet in length, weighed only three pounds and twelve ounces; that is one three-thousandth 
part of the whole body. This is only about two-thirds the weight of the largest buman brain. 
The Porpoises and Dolphins have a larger brain. 
The senses of Whales are considerably beyond our comprehension. With regard to smell, 
there is reason to believe it has a good degree of this sense. . 
The organ of vision is extremely small, comparatively. The largest Whale has an eye 
not larger than that of an ox, 
The ear is not developed externally. By careful examination in the vicinity of the eye, a 
minute aperture is found not larger than an eighth of an inch in diameter ; this corresponds 
to the external ear. 
The young are brought forth in much the same manner as those of land mammals. The 
period of gestation is supposed to be about nine months. The natural term of life is thought 
toe be from twenty to a hundred years. 
The amount of oil yielded by the larger kind of Whales reaches nearly twenty tons. 
The peculiar substance called ambergris is common to all. It is a secretion produced in 
the intestines. 
The size of Whales is a subject of much misapprehension. Captain Scoresby says: 
“Of three hundred and twenty-two individuals, in the capture of which T had personally 
been concerned, no one, I believe, ever exceeded sixty feet in length—and the largest I 
measured was fifty-eight.” 
The immense bulk of the Whalebone and 
Sperm Whales is more surprising than their 
length. 
THE GREENLAND WHuaLr, Norrurern 
WHALE, or Ricgur WHALF, as it is indiffer- 
ently termed, is an inhabitant of the Northern 
Seas, where it is still found in great abundance, 
although the constant persecutions to which it 
has been subjected have considerably thinned 
its numbers. 
This animal is, when fuil-grown, about 
sixty or seventy feet in length, and its girth Be a TO 
about thirty or forty feet. Its color is velvety (To show the Whalebone.) 
black upon the upper part of the body, the 
fins and the tail; gray upon the junction of the tail with the body and the base of the fins, and 
white upon the abdomen and the fore-part of the lower jaw. The velvety aspect of the body is 
caused by the oil which exudes from the epidermis, and aids in destroying the friction of the 
water. Its head is remarkably large, being about one-third of the length of the entire bulk. 
The jaw opens very far back, and ina large Whale is about sixteen feet in length, seven feet 
wide, and ten or twelve feet in height, affording space, as has quaintly been remarked, for a 
jolly-boat and her crew to float in. 
The most curious part of the jaw and its structure is the remarkable substance which 
is popularly known by the name of Whalebone. This substance is represented in its 
natural position in the accompanying illustration, which is taken from a photographic 
portrait of the skeleton in the great Museum of Comparative Anatomy at the Jardin des 
Plantes. 
The Whalebone, or baleen, is found in a series of plates, thick and solid at the insertion 
into the jaw, and splitting at the extremity into a multitude of hair-like fringes. On each 
side of the jaw there are more than three hundred of these plates, which in a fine specimen 
are about ten or twelve feet long, and eleven inches wide at their base. The weight of baleen 
which is furnished by a large Whale is about one ton. This substance does not take its origin 
directly from the gum, but from a peculiar vascular formation which rests upon it. These 
