Klem—The History of Sctence in St. Louis. 81 
ist. Entering the service of the king of Spain, he was 
sent to Spanish America about 1783 to examine the geo- 
logical formations of the country and its fauna and flora. 
After a visit to Paris he returned to America and in 
1787 explored Kentucky and the country along the Ohio 
river, writing an interesting account of the adventures 
that befell him and his companions on this expedition. 
After enduring almost incredible hardships from fatigue, 
exposure, hunger, and the attacks of hostile Indians, Dr. 
Saugrain and his companions reached the Falls of the 
Ohio. After recovering from wounds he had sustained, 
the Doctor made an examination of the soil and its nat- 
ural products, particularly the mineral deposits and salt 
licks. Proceeding up the Ohio on a flat boat to Fort Pitt, 
now Pittsburg, he crossed the mountains to Philadelphia, 
where he was received by Franklin. 
Returning to France, Dr. Saugrain remained there 
until 1792 or 1793, when he sailed again for the United 
States with a company of French colonists, who located 
at Gallipolis, Ohio. For various reasons the colonists 
became dissatisfied and most of them moved elsewhere. 
Dr. Sangrain went to Lexington, Ky., probably in 1796 
’ or 1797, and the following year visited St. Louis. Being 
much pleased with the place and the people, he brought 
his family to live here in 1800. 
He seems to have been both popular and successful 
as a physician, but preferred chemistry to medicine, and 
devoted all of his leisure time to it. Dr. Saugrain prob- 
ably had the first laboratory in St. Louis. A contem- 
porary of his says: ‘‘Many of my countrymen used to 
Dandridge, N. P. Antoine Francois Saugrain (De Vigni) “The first 
scientist of the Mississippi valley.” Jour. Amer. Med. Assoc. 43: 2007- 
2011. 1904. 
Goodwin, E. J. Antoine Francois Saugrain. A history of medicine 
in Missouri. 19-21. 1905. 
Bliss, E. F. Dr. Saugrain’s note-books. Proc. Amer. Ant. Soc. 19: 
a rie 1908, 
, W. V. The first scientist of the Mississippi valley. A memoir 
of pts life and work of Doctor Antoine Francois Saugrain. on. d. 
