94 Trans, Acad. Sct. of St. Louis. 
known among scientific men in this counttry as the bot- 
anist and historian of this expedition, and who made the 
first ascent to the summit of Pike’s Peak on July 14, 
1820; Dr. Thomas Say,” the zoologist; and Dr. A. KE. 
Jessup,?® the gelogist. 
While this expedition did not accomplish either of the 
great objects for which it was sent out—the discovery 
of the sources of the Platte and the Red rivers—the work 
of the scientists was, however, of great value, inasmuch 
as it added to our knowledge of a part of the country 
which was hitherto but imperfectly known through 
hunters and traders. This applies especially to the dis- 
coveries made in natural history and ethnology. 
Before leaving St. Louis, Long’s party made some 
local investigations. Dr. Say examined some of the sink 
holes around St. Louis, descending into one of them for 
the purpose of ascertaining the mean temperature be- 
low the surface of the earth. On the grassy plains to the 
west of St. Louis Dr. Baldwin found many beautiful 
plants, among them Aristolochia sipho (the Dutchman’s 
pipe), Cypripedium spectabile and parviflorum (Lady 
slippers), Lilium catesbeiana (Red lily), Triosteum per- 
foliatum (Horse gentian), Clematis virna (Virgin’s 
bower, and Tradescantia virginica (Spiderwort). Dr. 
Say went down the river to the mouth of the Meramec 
and up that stream about fifteen miles. He had been 
told of the discovery of many graves in that locality 
said to contain skeletons of a diminutive race. In one 
mand of Maj. S. H. Long, of the U. S. Top. Engineers. Early Western 
Travels 1748-1846. 14: 40. 1904. 
Spaulding, Perley. A biographical history of botany at St. Louis, 
Missouri. Pop. Sci. Month. 1908: 497-498. 
12 Youmans, W. J. Thomas Say. Pioneers of Science in America. 
215-222. 1896, 
13 Thwaites, R. G. Edwin James’s account of an expedition from 
Pittsburgh to the Rocky Mountains, performed in the years 1819, 1820, 
by order of the Hon. J. C. Calhoun, Secretary of War, under the com- 
mand of Maj. S. H. Long, of the U. S. Top Engineers. Early Western 
Travels 1748-1846. 14: 40. 1904. 
