CHAPTER VI. 



Sketches of the Early History of Santa Fe— First Explorations 

 ■Why casJJed iVew Mexico— Memorial of Oiiate — His Colony 

 Captain Leyva's prior Settlement — Singular Stipulations of 

 Onate--lncenrives presented by the Crown to Colonizers — 

 Enormities of Spanish Conquerors — Progress of the new- 

 Colony— Cruel Labors of the Aborigines in the mines — Re- 

 volt of the Indians in 1680— Massacre of the Spaniards— Santa 

 Fe Besieged— Battles— Remaining Spanish Population finally 

 ev^acuate the Province — Paso del Norte — Inhuman Murder of 

 a Spanish Priest— Final Recovery of the Country — Insurrec- 

 tion of 1837 — A Prophecy — Shocking Massacre of the Gover- 

 nor and other distinguished Characters — American Mer- 

 chants, and Neglect of our Government — Governor Armijo : 

 his Intrigues and Success — Second Gathering of Insurgents and 

 ^heir final Defeat, 



Having resided for nearly nine years in 

 Northern Mexico, and enjoyed opportunities 

 for observation which do not always fall to the 

 lot of a trader, it has occurred to nie that a 

 few sketches of the country — the first settle- 

 nients — the early, as well as more recent 

 struggles with the abori^rinal 



their traditions and antiquities — together with 



some account of the manners and customs 

 of the people, etc., would not be ahogether 

 unacceptable to the reader. The dearth of 

 information which has hitherto prevailed 



this subject, is my best apology for travellin 



or 



a 



