1S76.] MR. A. H. GARttOD ON LOPHOTRAGUS MICHIANUS. 761 



vertebra? in all. The bones, in the specimen under consideration, 

 especially those of the limbs, are extremely porous and badly 

 marked ; nevertheless, on making a section of the head of the meta- 

 tarsus, it is apparent that the internal tarsal cuneiform bone has so 

 completely fused with it as to leave no line of demarcation. In the 

 Paris specimens of Elaphodus the tarsus exactly resembles that of 

 Cervulus, and the lateral metacarpals are very nearly lost. 



In the young female from Moupin the milk canine teeth are in 

 place, their permanent successors appearing, in the dry skull, above 

 them. In the male of the same age from Ningpo, the tusks have a 

 remarkably permanent appearance, and there is no evidence from 

 the condition of the maxillary bones that they belong to the milk 

 series. Such being the case, it must be presumed that the milk 

 canines in the male are shed earlier than in the females, as it is not 

 in accordance with any known facts that they should have persistent 

 pulps which would remove any necessity for their replacement. 



Anatomy of the Alimentary Canal and other Viscera. 



The muffle is more considerable than in the Elaphine Deer, but 

 resembles that of the RusiruB and Muntjacs in extending upwards 

 along the outer border of each nostril as far as its superior margin. 

 The canine tusks protrude an inch below the upper lip, and mark 

 the lower lip at the spots at which they come into contact with them. 



The palate in front of the intermolar region is transversely ridged 

 by folds of the mucous membrane, slightly crenulated at their free 

 backvvardly directed edges. These folds are deficient in the middle 

 line ; and those on one side are not continuous with those of the 

 other, but with the spaces which intervene between them. The 

 intermolar region and the palatal surface behind it are smooth, and 

 black instead of flesh-coloured, as it is anteriorly. 



The tongue is like that in most ruminating animals, broad near 

 the tip, then narrower, and again slightly broader opposite the 

 intermolar eminence. Its mucous membrane is covered with two 

 kinds of papillae — *6rst the filiform, small, thick-set, short and blunt 

 over the anterior part of the organ, conical and larger in the middle 

 of the intermolar eminence, and secondly the fungiform, disk- 

 shaped and flattened, scattered sparsely over the fore part, and at 

 the sides of the intermolar eminence gradually enlarging and be- 

 coming arranged in a linear manner, converging as they run back to 

 form the circumvallate papillae, eleven on one side and twelve on 

 the other. 



The salivary glands present no special features of interest. The 

 tonsils open each by an orifice situated in the middle of a slight 

 depression. The epiglottis is rounded, with a slight notch in the 

 middle line of its contour. 



The stomach possesses much the proportions of that of the Musk 



(Moschus mosc/iiferus)* '. In the rumen perhaps the converging left 



lateral caecal extensions of the upper and lower compartments are 



slightly longer. The villi are there very close-set, elongated, flat- 



* Vide P. Z. S. 1875, p. 1(58. 



