1 876. j MR. F. DAY ON THE FISHES OF YARKAND. 803 



eutropius, Wallago, Olyra, Chaca, Clarias, Saccobranchus, SUundia, 

 Ailia, Ailiichthys, Eutropiichtlnjs, Si&or, Gayata, Bagarius, Pseud- 

 echeneis, Glyptosternum exist in India, but not in Afghanistan, 

 Turkestan, or Yarkand. 



Callichrous and Amblyceps, which are found in India, appear to 

 be present in Afghanistan, and the former also in Cashmere. 



Exostoma is found along the Himalayas ; Silurus in Turkestan 

 and India. 



Cyprinodontid.e. Cyprinodon and Haplochilus are found in 

 India. 



Cyprinid.e. Genera PsiJorhynchus, Cirrhina, Amblypharyn- 

 godon, Nuria, Rasbora, Aspidoparia, Iiohtee, Perilampus, Chela, 

 Homaloptera, and various genera of Cobitidiuse exist in India. 



Discognathus, Labeo, and Barilius are common to India and 

 Afghanistan, but are evidently Indian forms. 



Oreinus, Schizothorax, and Barbus are found in India, also in 

 Afghanistan, and the two last in Turkestan, whilst Schizothorax is 

 common in Yarkand. Cobitis or Nemacheilus seem to extend every- 

 where. 



Cltjpeid.e and Notopterid.e. Of the genera belonging to 

 these families, and which exist in the fresh waters of India, none go 

 beyond the base of the Himalayas. 



The fishes of Yarkand* consist of species of the following 

 genera : — Schizothorax, found also in Afghanistan and Turkestan ; 

 one species on the slopes of the Himalayas, and sometimes even de- 

 scending to the plains. Diptychus, Tibet, Yarkand, and Turkestan. 

 Schizopygopsis, Tibet and Yarkand. Ptychobarbus, Tibet and Yar- 

 kand. The remainder are Loaches. 



Diptychus dybowskii, Kess., would almost seem to be a Schizo- 

 pygopsis with an articulated dorsal ray and a pair of maxillarv bar- 

 bels. Perhaps several of these hill-genera will, at some future date, 

 be properly amalgamated, as has been done with the low-countrv 

 Barbels {Barbus). 



An examination of the genera of spiny-rayed or Acanthopterygian 

 fishes clearly shows that, as we proceed inland in India they diminish, 

 at the Himalayas they cease. Two Indian species f only have been 

 observed to exist in Afghanistan ; and they are amongst the most 

 widely distributed of their respective genera. Neither of these 

 extends in the N.E. either to Turkestan or Yarkand. In Turke- 

 stan, it is true, three genera of this order are represented ; but they 

 have evidently extended southwards. Yarkand and Tibet appear 

 to be unsuited for this Order of fishes ; and thence none have been 

 brought. 



The Physostomi include all the Yarkand and Tibet fishes. 



* I here omit the genera Exostoma from the Himalayas and Oreinus from 

 the Himalayas and Afghanistan. 



t Ophiorcphalus gachua and Mastacembelus armatus. 



