4§ ORDERS. 
They are the most numerous and best known of 
allinsects. ‘They are easily preserved, and make 
a beautiful appearance in cases under glass. 
Examples. Cicindela, carabus, dytiscus, gyri- 
nus, elater or taupin (the snap-bug) ptinus, hister, 
silpha, dermestes, (leather-chaffer) hydrophilus, 
(diver) scarabeus, (beetle) lytta, (blistering fly) 
cerambyx, (goat-chaffer) coccinella, (lady-bird.) 
6. ORTHOPTERA, stratt-winged. Having four 
wings ; the outer pair being generally coriaceous, 
and the inner patr platted longitudinaily. — 
Their mandibles and jaws formed for mastica- 
tion. "They are all dry-land insects. 
Examples. Forficula, (ear-wig) blatta, (cock- 
roach) mantis, (soothsayer) phasma, (spectre) 
phyllum, (walking-leaf) gryllus, (grass-hopper 
jocust.) 
7. Hemiptera, halfwinged. Having four 
wings ; the upper part of the outer pair generally 
crustaceous, and the lower part membranaceous, and 
almost always crossing each other. 
They have no jaws, but a sucking beak. 
Examples. Cimex, (bug) nepa, (water-scor- 
pion) notonecta, (boat-fly) fulgora, (fire-ily) thrips, 
_ aphis, (plant-louse) coccus, (cochineal. ) 
8. Nreuroprera, nerve-winged. Having four 
naked membranaceous wings, finely reticulated ; the 
inner pair as large as the outer, or larger one way. 
Their mandibles and jaws are formed for mas- 
fication. Outer and inner wings alike. | 
Examples. Ephemera, (day-fly) panorpa, 
(scorpion-fly) myrmeleon, (lion-ant) hemerobius, 
(golden eye) raphidia, termes, (ticking insect) 
phryganea, (cadow-ily.) 
