14 GRAND DIVISIONS. 
medulla spinalis. Itis that system which extends 
through the heart, lungs, and stomach, and is cuon- 
nected with the brain by a very minute fibre.— 
Nature seems to have been very solicitous to pro- 
vide for the digestive, respiratory and circulatory 
systems, in every division of animals. ‘The sys- 
tem of nerves, devoted to this object, is kept al- 
most distinct in vertebral animals, and the medul- 
da spinalis, as well as the brain, seem to be but 
appendages. 
The organs of sense and motion are all double, 
and are arranged on two sides of the nervous axis. 
To the vertebral column are attached two series 
of ribs, constituting the chief frame-work of the 
body. Strong bony limbs are bound to each ex- 
tremity of the bony column, which are mestly cov- 
ered by the muscles which give them motion. All 
the proper visera are iInclosed in the head and 
trunk. 
Both brain and medulla spinalis being peculiar 
to this division, the sentient principle is much 
more perfect in this than in the other divisions. 
Here we find four pair of organs of sense. ‘Two 
eyes, two ears, two nostrils, and two fleshy mass- 
es constituting a tongue, or rather a pair of or- 
gans of taste. 
These animals have red blood, hearts with al- 
ternate sistole and diastole motions, horizontal 
* jaws adapted to the preparation of food for the di- 
gestive process. ‘I'hey are viviparous or ovipa- 
rous, and from the commencement of their lives 
till death, they supply the daily waste of their 
bodies by masticating and passing into the stom- 
ach, aliment suited to their respective natures. A, 
